膳食脂肪酸与抑郁症的相关性及机制研究进展

Association of depression with dietary fatty acids and the progress of mechanism research

抑郁症是目前世界上最容易致残的疾病之一。已有大量研究表明,不饱和脂肪酸的摄入对抑郁症具有改善作用,饱和脂肪酸长期过量摄入是抑郁症发病的高危因素,已有报道提示其致抑郁机制可能与以下四方面有关:通过整体和局部对与抑郁症相关的脑功能进行调控,其中局部区域包括海马、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴、纹状体和前额叶皮层;刺激炎性因子的分泌;影响代谢调控激素(包括瘦素、脂联素、糖皮质激素和胰岛素)的平衡和功能;诱发肠道菌群紊乱。本文就膳食脂肪酸和抑郁症的关系,从以上四个方面对饱和脂肪酸诱发抑郁症可能的机制进行综述。

Depression is one of the diseases with the highest disability rate in the world.A large number of studies have shown that the intake of unsaturated fatty acids can deal with depression while chronic overconsumption of saturated fatty acids is a risk factor for depression.It was suggested that the mechanism of saturated fatty acids inducing depression is related to the following four aspects:regulating the function which links to depression in whole brain and specific brain regions,including the hippocampus,the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,the striatum,and the prefrontal cortex;stimulating the secretion of inflammatory factors;affecting the balance and function of metabolic regulatory hormones,including leptin,adiponectin,glucocorticoid,and insulin;inducing the disturbance of intestinal flora.This article reviews the relationship between dietary fatty acids and depression,and the possible mechanisms by which saturated fatty acids induce depression from the four aspects mentioned above.