西双版纳苔藓植物多样性及其濒危状况

Bryophyte diversity and its threat status in Xishuangbanna

在世界范围内,目前被描述的苔藓超过20,000种,因而,苔藓植物成为多样性仅次于被子植物的第二大高等植物类群。西双版纳是世界生物多样性保护的关键和热点地区,然而,关于该地区苔藓植物多样性的认识却非常有限。为此,本文结合野外调查和文献收集的方法,编制了西双版纳苔藓植物名录,并对其多样性和受威胁状况进行了初步分析。本次调查共采集苔藓植物标本307份,最终有效鉴定37科70属101种,其中有5种新记录种。综合野外调查与文献资料,西双版纳地区共有苔藓植物82科233属661种(含种下分类单元),占云南省苔藓植物种数的34.7%,占全国的20.5%。其中苔类30科54属200种、角苔类3科7属12种、藓类49科172属449种,包括9个东亚特有属、1个中国特有属和26个中国特有种。不同区域尺度、不同时期的红色名录中对西双版纳地区苔藓植物受威胁状况评估结果不同。西双版纳地区苔藓植物物种多样性存在被低估的可能,随着未来调查区域的扩大和深入,可能会有更多的苔藓物种被发现。本研究为进一步深入研究该地区苔藓植物区系、保护及利用提供了基础数据。

Aims:With more than 20,000 species recorded worldwide,bryophytes are no doubt the second largest higher plant group after angiosperms.We aim to understand the bryophyte diversity of Xishuangbanna,a key and hot spot region for biodiversity conservation in the world.Methods:This study compile a checklist of bryophytes in Xishuangbanna based on literature collection and field investigation.Then,a preliminary analysis was made on the diversity and threat status of bryophytes in this region according to different red lists.Results:The research results show that a total of 307 bryophyte specimens were collected in this field survey.Among them,101 species belonging to 37 families,70 genera including 5 newly recorded species(including infraspecific taxa)were finally identified.According to the complied bryophyte checklist,661 species(including infraspecific taxa)belonging to 233 genera and 82 families were recorded in Xishuangbanna,accounting for 34.7%of the bryophytes in Yunnan Province and 20.5%in China.Among them,there are 200 liverworts belonging to 54 genera of 30 families,12 hornworts belonging to 7 genera of 3 families,and 449 mosses belonging to 172 genera of 49 families,including 9 genera endemic to East Asia,one genus endemic to China,and 26 species endemic to China.The threatened statuses of bryophytes in Xishuangbanna were different in the red lists evaluated at different scales and different periods.Conclusions:Bryophyte diversity in Xishuangbanna is likely to be underestimated;many more species may be discovered from further investigations in the future.This study provides a basis for further study on the flora,conservation and utilization of bryophytes in Xishuangbanna.