新疆地区汉族、哈萨克族心房颤动患者CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)T细胞程序性细胞死亡受体-1表达水平及特点研究

The expression levels and characteristics of programmed cell death protein 1 on CD4 and CD8 T cells in patients with atrial fibrillation in Xinjiang

目的通过观察心房颤动(简称房颤)患者中CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)T细胞程序性细胞死亡受体-1(PD-1)表达水平及特点,探讨PD-1所参与的免疫调控功能在房颤发生发展中的可能作用。方法选择新疆医科大学第一附属医院心脏中心住院患者中汉族房颤患者(汉族房颤组)、哈萨克族房颤患者(哈萨克族房颤组)与非房颤(汉族与哈萨克族)患者(汉族对照组、哈萨克族对照组),每组50例。利用流式细胞仪检测入选人群外周血中CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)T细胞表面PD-1阳性表达水平并分析其表达特点。结果在CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞中,汉族房颤组PD-1阳性表达率低于汉族对照组(5.14±2.39 vs 9.94±2.50,P<0.05);哈萨克族房颤组PD-1表达水平低于哈萨克族对照组(9.10±2.92 vs 15.47±4.99,P<0.05);哈萨克族对照组CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞PD-1的阳性表达率高于汉族对照组(15.47±4.99 vs 9.94±2.50,P<0.05)。在CD8^(+)T细胞中,汉族、哈萨克族房颤组和对照组间PD-1阳性表达率无显著差异;哈萨克族房颤组和对照组PD-1的表达水平均分别高于汉族房颤组和对照组。在不区分民族的统计分析中,房颤组CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞上PD-1的表达水平低于对照组(7.12±3.32 vs 12.71±4.81,P<0.01),在CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞中两组间无显著差异(4.23±2.31 vs 3.81±2.04,P>0.05)。结论房颤患者CD4^(+)T细胞PD-1表达水平低于无房颤人群,汉族人群CD4^(+)T细胞表面PD-1表达水平低于哈萨克族人群,哈萨克族较低的房颤患病率可能与高PD-1水平相关。

Objective By observing the expression level and characteristics of PD-1 on CD4^(+) and CD8^(+) T cells in patients with atrial fibrillation(AF), the possible role of PD-1 in the development of AF was explored. Methods The Han and Kazak patients with nonvalvular AF in the heart center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were selected as the AF group, and without AF hospitalized in the same period as the control group. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression levels of PD-1 on the surface of CD4^(+) and CD8^(+) T cells in the peripheral blood of the selected population and analyze their expression characteristics. Results In CD4^(+) T lymphocytes, the positive expression rate of PD-1 in AF group of Han nationality was lower than that in control group(5.14±2.39 vs 9.94±2.50,P<0.05);the expression level of PD-1 in AF group of Kazak nationality was lower than that in healthy control group(9.10±2.92 vs 15.47±4.99,P<0.05);the positive expression rate of PD-1 in CD4^(+) T lymphocytes in AF group of Kazak nationality was higher than that in Han nationality(15.47±4.99 vs 9.94±2.50,P<0.05). In CD8^(+) T cells, the expression level of PD-1 in the Kazak AF group and the control group was higher than that in the Han AF group and the control group. The level of PD-1 expression on CD4^(+) T lymphocytes in AF group was lower than that in control group(7.12±3.32 vs 12.71±4.81,P<0.01). Conclusion The expression level of PD-1 on CD4^(+)T cells in patients with AF is lower than that in the control group,and the expression level of PD-1 on the surface of CD4^(+)T cells in the Han nationality is lower than that in the Kazak nationality.The lower prevalence of AF in Kazak nationality may be related to the higher level of PD-1.[Chinese Journal of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology,2021,35(2):130-133]