四川泸州纳溪打古镇乡土碉楼民居研究

RESEARCH ON DIAOLOU DWELLINGS IN NAXIDAGU TOWN OF LUZHOU,SICHUAN

川南地区的宅院式碉楼民居是中国碉楼民居类型中一支重要的组成部分,其建筑特色有别于藏区的塔式石砌碉楼建筑,也不同于东南沿海地带的中西结合式砖石碉楼建筑,它们是四川民居中的一朵奇葩。在对泸州长江南岸纳溪、合江、叙永区域广泛调研的基础上,选取了具有典型代表的纳溪打古镇李宅乡土碉楼民居作为测绘研究对象,对民居空间布局、建筑结构、屋檐转角构造、碉楼构造做了分析,揭示了其建筑形态特征,并总结了民居的营造技术,特别对歇山碉楼屋顶构造做法进行了对比分析,发现其为一种融合型的构造做法,间接印证了当地建筑文化是一种融合型的建筑文化。最后针对民居面临的现状问题,提出了修缮措施和建议。

The house-style Diaolou dwellings in southern Sichuan are an important part of Chinese Diaolou dwellings.Their architectural features are different from the tower-style stone Diaolou buildings in Tibetan areas,and also different from the brick and stone Diaolou buildings which combining Chinese and Westem cultures in the southeast coastal area.They are views in Sichuan dwellings.On the basis of extensive investigation of Naxi,Hejiang and Xuyong areas on the south bank of the Yangtze River in Luzhou,the typical representative rural Diaolou dwellings in Lizhai town of Naxida town were selected as the research object of surveying and mapping,the spatial layout,building structure,eaves corner structure and Diaolou structure were analyzed,its architectural morphological characteristics were revealed,and the construction technology of such local dwellings was summarized.In particular,the comparative analysis of the roof construction of Xieshan Diaolou showed that it was a kind of integrated construction method,which indirectly proved that the local traditional architectural culture was a kind of integrated architectural culture.Finally,the paper provided some suggestions for the improvement of the main problems of residential buildings and made some design demonstration,in order to provide reference for the repair and protection of dwellings in this area.