关中平原城市群生态效率时空演变及影响因素研究

Spatio-temporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Ecological Efficiency in the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration

运用基于非期望产出的Super-SBM模型和面板Tobit回归模型,探索关中平原城市群2003—2017年城市生态效率时空演变特征及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)关中平原城市群生态效率2003—2017年总体呈波动上升趋势。2003—2009年为迅速上升阶段,2009—2017年波动变化。(2)各城市的生态效率差异较大,2003—2013年庆阳、商洛位于生态效率值的最前沿,2014—2017年变为西安,平凉最低。(3)关中平原城市群生态效率的空间分布不均衡,从"中间低,两边相对高"转变为"中间高,两边相对低"的分布格局。陕西省各城市生态效率整体提升且保持良好状态,山西省两市生态效率良好个别年份出现下降,甘肃省庆阳市和天水市生态效率良好且比较稳定,平凉市持续变差。(4)城市化水平对关中平原城市群生态效率的影响最大,其次为研发强度、产业结构、经济增长速度和环境规划综合指数。

The Super-SBM model based on non-expected output and panel Tobit regression model were comprehensively applied to explore the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics and influencing factors of urban ecological efficiency in Guanzhong plain urban agglomeration from 2003 to2017. The results show that(1) the eco-efficiency of the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration showed an overall fluctuating upward trend from 2003 to 2017. 2003-2009 was the stage of rapid increase, and2009-2017 fluctuated and changed.(2) The eco-efficiency of each city varies widely, with Qingyang and Shangluo at the forefront of eco-efficiency values from 2003-2013, changing to Xi’an and Pingliang at the lowest from 2014-2017.(3) the spatial distribution of eco-efficiency in the Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration is unbalanced, changing from"low in the middle and relatively high on both sides"to"high in the middle and relatively low on both sides". The eco-efficiency of cities in Shaanxi Province has improved and remained good as a whole, while the eco-efficiency of two cities in Shanxi Province is good but declined in individual years, and the eco-efficiency of Qingyang City and Tianshui City in Gansu Province is good and relatively stable, while that of Pingliang City continues to deteriorate.(4) Urbanization level has the greatest impact on eco-efficiency of Guanzhong Plain urban agglomeration, followed by R & D intensity, industrial structure, economic growth rate and comprehensive index of environmental planning.