从荣誉学位到能力本位:英国都铎王朝时期音乐学位的演进

From Honorary Degree to Competency: The Evolution of Music Degree in Tudor Dynasty of England

都铎王朝时期是英国教育转型和大学变迁的关键节点。在人文主义和宗教改革的双重影响下,英国传统大学音乐学位的建设发生了重要转变。从前期将音乐学位作为表彰杰出音乐家和做出重大贡献音乐人才的最高荣誉,到后期变成注重个人实践能力、制定章程规范音乐学位的颁发,其演变不仅体现了英国大学重视音乐教育的优良传统和发展音乐教育的先进理念,亦从侧面反映出英国大学音乐教育演进的趋向。早期英国大学音乐学位的发展为近代大学音乐学位制度的建立、演化和逐步完善奠定了基础,具有重要的里程碑意义。

The Tudor period was an important node in the transition of education and university change in England. Under the dual influence of humanism and religious reform, the construction of music degree in traditional England universities had undergone an important change. From the early stage, it was the highest honor to recognize outstanding musicians and music talents who had made significant contributions, and later focused on individual practical ability and formulated regulations of awarding a degree in music. Its evolution reflects not only the importance of the universities’ emphasis on the fine tradition of music education and the development of music education, but also the new trend of music education development in modern universities in England. The development of university music degree in early England has laid a foundation for the establishment, evolution and gradual improvement of the university music degree system in modern times, which is of great significance.