生物医用高通量研究中的微液滴阵列

Droplet Microarrays in Biomedical High-Throughput Research

为快速、高效处理大量实验及其数据,进一步加快材料研发过程,高通量筛选成为了一种越来越重要的实验手段,被广泛应用于众多领域,以提升实验效率。而高通量实验平台是开展高通量实验的基础条件。现有高通量实验平台,如微孔板,在处理珍贵样品和试剂时,仍存在消耗量较大、实验通量较低等问题,仍有待进一步优化。而微液滴阵列作为一种新兴的微型化和集成化高通量平台,具有试剂及样品消耗少、反应时间短、高度集成化、可操作性强等优势,在生物医用领域得到了广泛的研究和应用。本文总结归纳了微液滴阵列的制备方法,将其划分为表面化学驱动和物理形貌辅助两大类,并对不同制备方法的优缺点进行了简要的分析;随后从2D细胞筛选、3D细胞培养、单细胞分析及全机体筛选四个方向对其在生物医用高通量研究中的应用进行了简要介绍,最后总结分析了微液滴阵列在应用过程中存在的问题和未来的发展方向。

In order to handle a large number of experiment conditions and outputs and further accelerate the material development process,high-throughput screening has become a more and more important experimental method,which has been widely used in many fields to improve experimental efficiency.And the high-throughput platform is the basic condition for carrying out high-throughput experiments.Existing high-throughput platforms,like microtiter plates,still suffer from problems such as high consumption and low experimental throughput when dealing with precious samples and reagents and further optimization is still required.As an emerging miniaturized and integrated high-throughput platform,droplet microarrays have the advantages of low consumption of reagent and sample,short reaction time,high integration and strong operability,and have been widely studied and applied in the field of biomedicine.In this paper,the construction methods of droplet microarrays are summarized and divided into two categories:surface chemistry driving and physical morphology assisted.The advantages and disadvantages of different construction methods are briefly analyzed.Then the applications of droplet microarrays in biomedical high-throughput research are also briefly introduced from the four directions of 2 D cell screening,3 D cell culture,single cell analysis and whole organism screening.Finally,the problems existing in the application process of droplet microarrays and its future development direction are also summarized and analyzed.