中国被毛孢三种菌丝形态的超显微特征观察

Observation of ultramicroscopic characteristics of three morphology of mycelium for Ophiocordyceps sinensis

为探究人工培养中国被毛孢Ophiocordyceps sinensis过程中出现的3种形态菌丝(基内菌丝、菌丝团与气生菌丝)的差别及产生机理,以分离自单子囊孢子的菌株为材料,分别用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察3种形态菌丝的显微与超显微形态。结果发现:菌丝直径和形态不同,表现为菌丝团>基内菌丝>气生菌丝;气生菌丝排列疏松,菌丝表面附着有大量分生孢子;菌丝团的菌丝褶皱明显、扭结且相互交联缠绕;基内菌丝排列密集,菌丝融合、分支现象明显。说明出现三种形态的菌丝是中国被毛孢的特性,与菌种和菌株纯度无关,且分生孢子在气生菌丝顶端或中部直接以出芽的方式形成。

In order to investigate the difference and causes of the three morphology of mycelia(aerial mycelium,hyphae knot and substrate mycelium)that appeared in the artificial culture of Ophiocordyceps sinensis,strain isolated from single ascospore as materials,the microstructure and ultramicrostructure of the three morphology of mycelia were observed with microscopy and scanning electron microscopy respectively.The results showed that the diameter of hyphae was manifested as hyphae knot>aerial mycelium>substrate mycelium;the aerial mycelia were loosely arranged and attached with a large number of conidia on the surface of mycelia.The hyphae knot had obvious fold,kink and cross-linked between each other.The substrate mycelium was densely arranged,and the hyphae fused and branched obviously.It was indicated that three morphology mycelium of Ophiocordyceps sinensis were the normal characteristics of the species and not impacted by the purity of the strain or species.The conidia were born directly by budding at the end or middle of aerial hypha.