新型矿基土壤调理剂对滨海盐土理化性状和水稻产量的影响

Effects of self-developed soil conditioner on soil physiochemical properties and rice yield in coastal saline soil

以自主研发的矿基土壤调理剂为试验材料,采用盆栽方法研究了土壤调理剂不同施用量(0、5.0、7.5、10.0、12.5 g·kg^(-1))对滨海盐土理化性状[pH值、土壤电导率(EC),及有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效钾、有效磷含量]、水稻养分吸收和产量的影响。结果表明,施用土壤调理剂后,土壤pH值、EC值和速效钾含量与不施土壤调理剂的对照相比显著(P<0.05)降低,而土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷含量,水稻秸秆、籽粒中的全氮、全磷和全钾含量,以及水稻株高、生物量和产量显著(P<0.05)增加。水稻的有效穗数、每穗粒数、株高、千粒重、生物量和产量与土壤pH值和EC值呈极显著(P<0.01)负相关,与土壤的有机质、全氮、碱解氮和有效磷含量呈显著(P<0.05)正相关,与速效钾含量无显著相关性。各施用量下,以10 g·kg^(-1)处理的效果最优。研究结果可为合理应用土壤调理剂改良滨海盐土、提高水稻产量提供理论依据。

In the present study,a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of a self-developed soil conditioner with different application rates(0,5.0,7.5,10.0,12.5 g·kg^(-1))on soil physiochemical properties and rice grain yield in coastal saline soil.It was shown that the values of soil pH,electrical conductivity(EC),and content of available K were significantly(P<0.05)decreased with application of soil conditioner compared with the control treatment without application of soil conditioner,while the contents of soil organic matter,total N,alkaline available N,available P,and N,P,K in rice straw and grains,and rice height,biomass and yield were significantly(P<0.05)increased.The effective panicles,grain number per panicle,plant height,1000-grain weight,biomass and yield of rice were significantly(P<0.01)negatively correlated with soil pH and EC,and were significantly(P<0.05)positively correlated with soil organic matter,total N,available N and available P.But,there was no significant correlation found within soil available K and the effective panicles,grain number per panicle,plant height,1000-grain weight,biomass and yield of rice.Among all the application rates,application of 10.0 g·kg^(-1) soil conditioner exhibited the best performance.The results of this study could provide both theoretical and technical basis for the rational application of soil conditioner to improve coastal saline soil and increase rice yield.