鱼腥草的化学成分与安全性研究进展

Research Progress of Chemical Constituents and Safety of Yuxingcao(Houttuynia Herba)

鱼腥草为常用的清热解毒类中草药,具有广泛的生物活性和食用价值。鱼腥草化学成分复杂,包括挥发性成分、黄酮类、生物碱类、氨基酸类、萜类、甾醇类和有机酸类等,其中主要药效成分为挥发油、黄酮类化合物。现代药理研究表明,鱼腥草具有杀菌、抗病毒、抗炎镇痛、抗肿瘤以及增强免疫力的作用,具有良好的临床应用前景。由于鱼腥草是药食两用的植物,其安全性常被人忽略。就鱼腥草的化学成分及其安全性进行综述,以期为进一步的开发利用及合理用药提供参考。

Yuxingcao(Houttuynia Herba)is a commonly-used herb to clear pathogenic heat and remove toxic substances in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Actually,Yuxingcao(Houttuynia Herba)possesses a wide range of biological activities and shows potential value for food resources.Yuxingcao(Houttuynia Herba)has complex chemical constituents,including volatile constituents,flavonoids,alkaloids,amino acids,terpenes,sterols,organic acids,etc.Among these,volatile oils and flavonoids represent major bioactive components.Modern pharmacological studies reveal bactericidal,antiviral,anti-inflammatory,analgesic,anti-tumor and immune-enhancing effects of Yuxingcao(Houttuynia Herba),which attribute it a great potential for clinical application.As its wise use for both medicine and food,few attentions have been paid to the safety and toxicity of Yuxingcao(Houttuynia Herba).To promote its further research and development as well as safe clinical use,we herein comprehensively reviewed chemical constituents and safety of Yuxingcao(Houttuynia Herba).