常用复方及中药单体治疗血管性痴呆作用靶点的研究进展

Research Progress on Targets of Chinese Compounds and Monomers in Treatment of Vascular Dementia

血管性痴呆是老年痴呆中第二高发类型,仅次于阿尔茨海默病。患者以进行性认知及记忆功能减退为主要临床表现,其发病机制复杂,主要与脑认知及记忆功能区:皮质及海马长期慢性低灌注损伤,或脑卒中、脑梗死等突发性脑损伤等因素引发神经元缺血缺氧损伤甚至凋亡密切相关。迄今为止FDA尚未批准临床有效治疗药物。中医将老年痴呆归属于"呆病"范畴,对治疗该病有着悠久的历史和丰富的经验,临床上使用中药复方及现代工艺提取的中药单体治疗血管性痴呆患者,疗效显著,患者认知及记忆障碍症状明显改善,但其作用机制及靶点尚不清楚,限制了中医药在临床上使用及推广。查阅文献,归纳临床常用中药复方及中药单体治疗血管性痴呆的作用机制及靶点,为中医临床用药及推广提供理论依据。

After Alzheimer’s disease,vascular dementia is the second highest type of dementia.The main clinical manifestations of the patients are progressive cognitive and memory impairment.The main cause of vascular dementia is long-term chronic hypoperfusion injury of cortex and hippocampus,or sudden brain injury such as stroke and cerebral infarction,which leads to neuron ischemia,anoxia and even apoptosis.So far,FDA has not approved clinically effective therapeutic drugs.Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history and rich experience on treating dementia.Chinese compounds and monomers have significant curative effect on vascular dementia patients but its mechanism and target are not clear,which limits the clinical use and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine.This paper reviewed the literature,summarized the mechanism and target of the treatment of vascular dementia with traditional Chinese medicine and provided theoretical basis for the clinical application and promotion of traditional Chinese medicine.