国家政策与社会衰变:20世纪二三十年代豫北农村危机的形成

State Policy and Social Decay:The Formation of Rural Crisis in North Henan during the 1920s and 1930s

20世纪二三十年代,豫北的农村危机与国家政策的转变密不可分。国家政策向寻求"富强"转变,改变了政府的政务重点和地方士绅的权势资源,导致传统的养济民生的举措遭到废弃。同时,地方政府的现代性建设成为官员扩充个人权力或谋取利益的机会,而真正与生产、服务相关的建设则无人关心。因此,豫北农民深陷于新旧脱节的困境之中,一向相对安定的豫北出现了饥荒连年、暴力滋盛、毒品泛滥的局面。

The rural crisis in North Henan during the 1920s and 1930s was related to the major change of national policy.The change of state policy basis which turned to seek wealth and power not only changed the government’s administrative priorities,but also changed the power resources of the local gentry,which resulted in the collapse of measure about people’s livelihood.Meanwhile,the government’s construction of modernity provided an opportunity for officials to expand power or make pay,but it gained few achievements related to production and people’s livelihood.Therefore,the peasants mired in the divorce of tradition and modernity.And famine,violence and drugs had become the region-wide problems in the settled north Henan.