蜗壳通道面积对离心压气机性能的影响

Effect of volute passage area on the performance of centrifugal compressor

为了探索离心压气机蜗壳通道面积对低比速离心压气机性能及内部流动畸变的影响规律,文章建立了某离心压气机三维仿真模型,对具有5种不同通道面积蜗壳的离心压气机进行了流动仿真。结果表明,蜗壳通道面积的变化导致了压气机整体性能的改变,并影响了其内部流场畸变。压气机的近堵塞点在蜗壳通道面积较小时流场畸变增大,部分叶轮通道出现超声速区域,压气机整体性能下降,堵塞流量明显降低。压气机的近喘振点在蜗壳通道面积较大时流场畸变增大,部分叶轮叶片前缘出现了大尺度回流,喘振流量增加。

In order to explore the effect of volute passage area of centrifugal compressor on the performance and internal flow distortion of the low specific speed centrifugal compressor,the three-dimensional simulation model of a centrifugal compressor was established,and the flow simulation of the centrifugal compressor with five different volute passage areas was carried out.The results show that the change of the volute passage area leads to the change of the overall performance of the compressor and affects the internal flow field distortion.When the volute passage area is small,the flow field distortion of the compressor under near choke condition increases,and some of the impeller passages appear in the supersonic speed zone.The overall performance of the compressor decreases,and the choke flow is significantly reduced.When the volute passage area is large,the flow field distortion of the compressor under near surge condition increases,and the front edge of some impeller blades appears large-scale reflow,and the surge flow increases.