新型多孔纳米碳片复合微滤膜的制备及性能研究

A Novel Porous Carbon Nanosheet Composite Microfiltration Membrane: Synthesis and Properties

利用碳化活化法成功制备二维纳米碳片,采用相转化法制备纳米碳片-聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)复合微滤膜。通过扫描电子显微镜等对碳片的微观结构和元素构成进行分析,考察了纳米碳片投加量对复合膜的膜面电性、透水性、亲水性、抗污染能力的影响。结果表明,纳米碳片呈不规则的二维片状结构,具有较高比表面积及丰富的亲水基团;纳米碳片的引入对复合膜亲水性和抗污染性能均有提升,在优化投加量条件下(质量分数0.05%),清水通量可达2 607L/(m^(2)·h),是未添加纳米碳片的4倍;经过简单物理清洗后通量恢复率为85.6%,显示出良好的长期抗污染能力。

Two-dimensional carbon nanosheets were successfully prepared by carbonization-activation method, and a kind of carbon nanosheets/PVDF composite microfiltration membrane was prepared via phase inversion method. The microstructure and elemental composition of the carbon nanosheet were analyzed by several instruments such as scanning electron microscopy, etc. The effects of the carbon nanosheets dosage on the membrane surface electrical properties, water permeability, hydrophilicity and antifouling ability of the composite membrane were systematically investigated. The results showed that the carbon nanosheets had an irregular two-dimensional flake structure with a high specific surface area and rich hydrophilic groups. The introduction of carbon nanosheet improved the hydrophilicity and antifouling performance of composite membranes. Under the optimal dosage(mass fraction of 0.05%), the water flux could reach 2 607 L/(m^(2)·h), which was 4 times of that of the membrane without carbon nanosheet.After simple physical cleaning, the flux recovery rate was 85.6%, and the membrane exhibited antifouling performance in long-term operation.