水体突发铍污染应急吸附材料筛选实验研究

Experimental Study on Screening of Emergency Adsorption Materials for Sudden Water Polluted by Beryllium

针对水体突发铍污染事故,采用4种常用应急处置材料蒙脱土粉、活性炭粉、高岭沸石粉及硅藻土粉作吸附剂,考察其对Be^(2+)的去除效果。结果表明,活性炭粉反应优化p H为6,35℃时对Be^(2+)的吸附容量达到最大,其他三者对Be^(2+)的吸附反应优化p H为8,吸附效果受温度影响小。随反应时间延长,投加量减少,四者对Be^(2+)吸附容量上升。处理同一铍含量废水时,优化投加量蒙脱土粉<高岭沸石粉=硅藻土粉<活性炭粉,吸附平衡时间蒙脱土粉<高岭沸石粉=活性炭粉<硅藻土粉。考虑成本并保证合适吸附率,高岭沸石粉是应急处理现场吸附去除Be^(2+)的最佳选择。在25℃,初始Be^(2+)的质量浓度0.5 mg/L,p H为8,投加2 g/L的吸附剂,吸附时间为10 min时,去除率达92.36%。

Aimed at the sudden beryllium pollution accidents in water bodies, four kinds of commonly used emergency disposal materials montmorillonite powder, activated carbon powder, kaolinite powder and diatomite powder as adsorbents, to investigate their removal efficiency for Be^(2+. The results showed that, the optimum pH of the activated carbon powder reaction was 6, and the adsorption capacity of Be^(2+ was maximized at 35 ℃. The optimum pH of other three adsorption reactions was 8, and the adsorption effect was less affected by temperature. With the prolonged reaction time or as the dosage increased, and the adsorption capacity of Be2+ increased with the four materials. When treating wastewater with the same beryllium content, the optimal dosage of four materials was montmorillonite powder<kaolinite powder=diatomite powder<activated carbon powder, the adsorption equilibrium time was montmorillonite powder <kaolinite powder=activated carbon powder<diatomite powder. Considering the cost and ensuring the proper adsorption rate,kaolinite powder was the best choice for adsorption removal of Be2+ during emergency treatment. At 25 ℃, the beryllium-containing solution with initial mass concentration of 0.5 mg/L, when the pH was 8, adsorbent dosage was 2 g/L and the reaction time was 10 min, the removal rate was 92.36%.