碳化硅木质陶瓷复合装甲结构设计及数值模拟优化

Structural Design and Numerical Simulation Optimization of SiC Wood Ceramic Composite Armor

根据车辆的防护要求,以陶瓷复合装甲防弹机理为依据,进行碳化硅木质陶瓷/UHMWPE纤维复合装甲结构设计和数值模拟优化,并制备碳化硅木质陶瓷复合装甲,进行实弹打靶验证防弹性能。在确保陶瓷复合装甲面密度为38 kg/m^(2)的前提下,以子弹侵彻深度为评价标准,以碳化硅木质陶瓷防弹片的厚度、形状、尺寸和布置位置为研究因素,设计了四因素三水平的正交模拟优化方案,利用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对所设计的复合装甲的防弹性能进行数值模拟,并比对数值模拟结果与实弹打靶试验结果。结果表明,针对北约AEP-55 STANAG 4569Ⅱ级防护标准,所设计的陶瓷复合装甲最优化的结构形式为8 mm厚的碳化硅木质陶瓷防弹面板、13.7mm厚的UHMWPE纤维防弹背板,防弹面板采用面积为4900 mm2的正六边形碳化硅木质陶瓷防弹片拼接而成;碳化硅木质陶瓷防弹片对防弹性能的主次影响因素为:布置位置>厚度>尺寸>形状。

Based on the bulletproof mechanism of ceramic composite armor, structural design and numerical simulation optimization of SiC/UHMWPE fiber composite armor were carried out to satisfy the protection requirements of vehicle. Penetration depth of bullet was taken as the evaluation standard, and the thickness, shape, size, and layout of SiC wood ceramic bullet proof sheet were considered as the research factors. An orthogonal simulation optimization scheme of four factors and three levels were designed, when the surface density of ceramic composite armor was 38 kg/m^(2). Bulletproof performance was simulated by ANSYS/LS-DYNA finite element software. The optimized size parameters owing to the minimal penetration depth of bullet were selected. Accordingly, a SiC wood ceramic composite armor was prepared, and the bulletproof performance of designed ceramic composite armor was up to the protection standard of NATO AEP-55 STANAG 4569 level II as determined by the real bullet shooting test. Results show that the designed structure has 8 mm-thick SiC wood ceramic bulletproof panel and 13.7 mm-thick UHMWPE fiber bulletproof panel. The bulletproof panel is made of 4900 mm2 hexagonal SiC wood ceramic bulletproof sheets. The influencing factors of SiC wood ceramic bulletproof sheet on the bulletproof performance is as follows: arrangement position>thickness>size>shape.