采用柠檬酸浸出—电沉积法回收废锂电池中的钴

Recovery of Cobalt From Waste Lithium Batteries by Citric Acid Leaching—Electrodeposition Process

研究了采用柠檬酸浸出—电沉积工艺从废手机锂离子电池中回收钴,考察了浸出条件及浸出液钴质量浓度、pH、电积温度、阴极电流密度对钴电沉积中电流效率、单位能耗及钴质量的影响。结果表明:用1.25 mol/L柠檬酸,4.9 mol/L H2O2,在温度80℃、液固质量体积比8.5/1条件下浸出电池正极材料70 min,钴浸出率为94.84%;对此浸出液,在钴质量浓度45 g/L、温度60~65℃、电流密度435 A/m^(2)、pH=4条件下电积钴,电流效率为90.56%,电积钴表面平整,其中钴质量分数为99.76%。

The recovery of cobalt from waste lithium ion batteries anode material by citric acid leaching—electrodeposition process was studied,the effects of leaching conditions,cobalt mass concentration and pH of electrolyte,temperature and cathode current density on current efficiency,specific power consumption and cobalt quality were examined.The results show that the leaching rate of cobalt is 94.84%under the conditions of citric acid concentration of 1.25 mol/L and hydrogen peroxide concentration of 4.9 mol/L,liquid volume-to-solid mass ratio of 8.5/1,temperature of 80℃for 70 min.For the leaching solution to electrodeposite cobalt,under the conditions of cobalt mass concentration 45 g/L,temperature of 60~65℃,current density of 435 A/m^(2) and pH=4,the current efficiency is 90.56%,and the electrodeposited cobalt with smooth surface and cobalt of 99.76%is obtained.