四川省非流行县棘球蚴病报告病例分析

Analysis of echinococcosis cases reported in non-endemic counties of Sichuan Province

目的了解四川省非流行县棘球蚴病报告病例的人群分布情况及流行病学特点。方法收集2015-2019年四川省非流行县(市、区)常住人口中棘球蚴病报告病例的基本信息、病例类型及流行病学史,用WPS Excel 2019软件创建数据库,并对流行情况进行分析。结果收集2015-2019年四川省148个非流行县棘球蚴病报告病例共计165例,分布于14个市(州)的57个县(区)。2016年报告病例数最多,为40例,随后逐年减少。病例数以成都市最多,为61例(占37.0%)。来自乡(镇)的报告病例数为114例(占69.1%)。各年龄组人群均有发病,41~60岁年龄组报告病例数占比最高,为52.7%(87/165)。男性103例,女性62例,男女性别比为1.7∶1。职业分布以农民和工人报告病例数较多,分别为58例和28例,占52.1%(86/165)。报告病例中细粒棘球蚴病和多房棘球蚴病病例数分别为55例(占33.3%)和34例(占20.6%),未分型76例。在追踪到的119例病例中,62.2%(74/119)有棘球蚴病流行区到访史;其中29例到访过四川本省流行县,到访四川省外流行区最多的地区为新疆(20例)和西藏(15例)。结论 2015-2019年四川省非流行县棘球蚴病报告病例主要来自成都市、乡(镇)、男性、41~60岁年龄组、农民等人群,大部分有新疆、西藏等棘球蚴病流行区到访史。

Objective To understand the epide mic distribution and epidemiological characteristics of reported cases in non-endemic counties of Sichuan Province. Methods The basic information, disease type and epidemiological history of the reported cases in non-endemic counties(cities/districts) of Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2019 were collected. WPS Excel 2019 software was used to establish a database, and the prevalence was analyzed. Results A total of 165 cases of echinococcosis were reported from 148 non-endemic counties in Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2019, which were distributed in 57 counties(districts) of 14 cities(prefectures). The number of cases was highest in 2016(40 cases), and decreased thereafter. The number of reported cases in Chengdu was the highest(61 cases, 37.0%). There were 114 cases(69.1%) from villages and towns. The cases were reported in all age groups, with the highest proportion(52.7%) in the 41-60 years group(87/165). There were 103 males and 62 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.7 ∶ 1. The occupation distribution showed that the number of cases was higher in farmers and workers(58 and 28 cases), accounting for 52.1%(86/165). The numbers of cases of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis was 55 and 34, respectively, and the type of 76 cases was not classified. Of the 119 cases traced, 62.2%(74/119) had visited endemic areas of echinococcosis. Among them, 29 cases had visited endemic counties in Sichuan Province, and the most visited endemic areas outside Sichuan Province were Xinjiang(20 cases) and Tibet(15 cases). Conclusion The cases reported in the non-endemic counties of Sichuan Province from 2015 to 2019 were mostly from Chengdu City, townships, males, age group 41-60 years, and farmers, and most of them had visited the endemic areas of echinococcosis in Xinjiang and Tibet.