血小板抗体筛查及交叉配型的临床应用

Platelet antibody screening and crossmatch in Chengdu in 2019

目的对成都市2019年血小板抗体筛查及交叉配型情况进行分析,进一步完善血小板配型相关检测策略以提升临床输注疗效。方法选择中心2019年进行血小板配型的患者为研究对象,采用固相凝集法进行血小板抗体筛查及交叉配型检测,分析检测量、抗筛阳性率、年龄分布、血型占比、季节性变化、医疗机构送检情况、反复配型比例及输注效果。结果 85例患者配型259例次,提供配型血小板321个治疗量,抗筛阳性率87.06%,40岁以上患者占64.71%,配型例次血型占比O型>A型>B型>AB型,各季度配型量逐步增加,送检医院均为三级以上医疗机构,52.94%的患者进行至少两次以上配型,配型血小板输注有效率为63.64%。结论对患者进行血小板抗体筛查及交叉配型,有利于提高血小板输注疗效,避免血小板资源的浪费,应积极推广该项检测的临床应用。

Objective To analyze the status of the platelet antibody screening and crossmatch in Chengdu in 2019, so as to further improve the corresponding detection strategy to improve the clinical transfusion efficacy.Methods The patients underwent platelet antibody crossmatch in Chengdu Blood Center in 2019 were selected as research objects Platelet antibody screening and crossmatch were performed by solid-phase agglutination technique, and the sample size, the incidence of platelet antibod, age, blood group, seasonal chracteristics, hospital levels, ratio of repeated crossmatch and the transfusion efficacy were analyzed. Results 321 treatment doses of matched platelets after 259 occasions of crossmatch relative to 85 patients were provided. The positive rate of platelet antibody was 87.06%. 64.71% of the patients were over 40 years old, the proportion of ABO group in crossmatch samples was O>A>B>AB, and the crossmatch cases increased each quarter gradually. All samples were provided by tertiary hospitals. 52.94% of the patients needed crossmatch at least twice, and the efficacy rate of matched platelets transfusion was 63.64%.Conclusion The platelet transfusion efficacy could by improved by platelet antibody screening and crossmatch, so as to avoid the waste of platelets, which deserves active promotion in clinical.