外商直接投资对中国区域贸易结构的影响分析

An analysis of the impact of foreign direct investment on China’s regional trade structure

使用空间计量法分析了2019年多个省份外商直接投资对区域FDI的影响,选择横截面数据作为研究对象,以此展示不同地区FDI区位分布差异。使用空间计量方法可以发现,相邻省份之间的FDI数据具有明显的空间关联性,通过这一观察结果可以判断,使用空间滞后模型可以更好地解释一般OLS模型和空间误差模型的FDI分布效果。经过综合性分析,在FDI因素的影响体系中,人资因素、非国有经济比重、资本的产出以及交通因素等都属于正效应因素,对FDI的变化关系呈正比。影响FDI因素的体系中,能源因素、劳动力成本大小、城市发展水平、科学技术因素等关系不明显,这些因素几乎不会影响各省FDI分布。还分析了各地区FDI分布不均衡的内在因素,对这种分布现象作出了合理的解释,同时以提高各省FDI吸引力,促进地区的经济发展为核心探究了可行的对策建议。

This paper used spatial econometric method to analyze the impact of foreign direct investment on regional FDI in many provinces in 2019, and selected cross-sectional data as the research object to show the differences of FDI location distribution in different regions. After using the spatial econometric method, we can find that the FDI data between neighboring provinces have obvious spatial correlation. From this observation, we can judge that the Spatial Lag Model can better explain the FDI distribution effect of general OLS Model and Spatial Error Model. After a comprehensive analysis, in the influence system of FDI factors, human factors, the proportion of non-state-owned economy, capital output and transportation factors are all positive factors, which are proportional to the change of FDI. In the system of factors affecting FDI, the relationship among energy factors, labor cost, urban development level, science and technology factors are not obvious, and these factors hardly affect the distribution of FDI in each province. This paper also analyzed the internal factors of the uneven distribution of FDI in various regions, and made a reasonable explanation for this distribution phenomenon. At the same time, it explored feasible countermeasures and suggestions to improve the attractiveness of FDI in various provinces and promote regional economic development.