结核分枝杆菌与树突状细胞相互作用的研究进展

Progress on interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and dendritic cell

结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis, MTB)感染引起的结核病是严重威胁人类健康的慢性传染病。树突状细胞(dendritic cell, DC)是重要的抗原提呈细胞及连接机体固有免疫和适应性免疫应答的桥梁细胞。DC通过表面表达受体识别并吞噬病原体,参与抗原提呈,并发育成熟,同时分泌不同类型的细胞因子,决定T细胞分化方向,最终影响细胞免疫应答效应。在MTB感染过程中各成分与DC相互作用的特性研究,是分析MTB毒力基因及致病机理的基础,并可为结核疫苗研究提供候选优势抗原。现对目前MTB与DC的相互作用机制的研究进展作一概述。

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) is a serious chronic infectious disease. Dendritic cell(DC) is major antigen-presenting cell(APC) and bridges both innate with adaptive immune system function in human body. Recognizing and phagocytizing pathogens by the cell surface receptors, DC participates in the progress of antigen presentation. Simultaneously, with DC developing constantly, it secretes different types of cytokines and mediates the direction of T cell differentiation, and finally affects the anti-MTB immune effects of cellular immune response. Investigating the characteristics of the interaction between the components in MTB infection and DC can help to analyze the function of MTB virulence genes and pathogenic mechanism, and provide advantageous candidate antigens for the study of anti-MTB vaccines. Therefore, we review the interaction mechanism between MTB and DC.