2016年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析

Incidence and Mortality of Cancer in Hunan Cancer Registries,2016

[目的]分析2016年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病、死亡情况。[方法]收集2016年湖南省25个肿瘤登记地区上报的肿瘤发病与死亡资料。按城乡、性别分层,分别计算恶性肿瘤的发病和死亡粗率、中标率、世标率、年龄别率、0~74岁累积率等,中标率和世标率分别采用2000年中国标准人口年龄构成和Segi’s世界标准人口年龄构成为标准进行计算。[结果]2016年湖南省肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病率为216.53/10万,中标率为150.90/10万,世标率147.54/10万,0~74岁累积率为16.97%。城市地区恶性肿瘤发病率257.71/10万,农村地区为195.08/10万。男性恶性肿瘤发病率243.66/10万,高于女性的187.68/10万。男性发病前5位分别为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌、胃癌和食管癌;女性发病前5位分别为乳腺癌、肺癌、子宫颈癌、结直肠肛门癌和肝癌。2016年湖南省肿瘤登记地区居民恶性肿瘤死亡率为146.58/10万,中标率为96.87/10万,世标率95.86/10万,0~74岁累积率为11.24%。城市地区居民恶性肿瘤死亡率为171.65/10万,农村地区为133.51/10万。男性恶性肿瘤死亡率为185.41/10万,高于女性的105.26/10万。男性死亡率前5位为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌、胃癌和食管癌,女性死亡前5位为肺癌、肝癌、结直肠肛门癌、乳腺癌、子宫颈癌。[结论]肺癌、乳腺癌、结直肠肛门癌、肝癌、子宫颈癌、胃癌、鼻咽癌、食管癌等病种是湖南省发病率、死亡率较高的恶性肿瘤,应作为湖南省恶性肿瘤防治的主要癌种。湖南省男性居民口腔及咽喉癌发病率和死亡率都有所上升,城市男性居民上升幅度更大,需要提早采取防范措施。

[Purpose]To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality rates in Hunan cancer registries in 2016.[Methods]The new cases and deaths data were collected from 25 cancer registries of Hunan Province.After the data were stratified by residence and gender,we calculated the crude incidence rate,mortality rate,age-standardized rate,the cumulative rate of 0~74 years old,et al.Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi’s population were used for calculating age-standardized rate.[Results]The crude cancer incidence rate in Hunan cancer registries was 216.53/105.The age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population(ASR China)and by world standard population(ASR world)were 150.90/105 and 147.54/105 respectively,with the cumulative incidence rate(0~74 years old)of 16.97%.The cancer incidence rate was 257.71/105 in urban areas and 195.08/105 in rural areas.The cancer incidence rate of males was higher than that of females(separately with 243.66/105 and 187.68/105).The most common cancers in men were lung cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophagus cancer,and which in women were breast cancer,lung cancer,cervical cancer,colorectal cancer and liver cancer.The crude cancer mortality rate in Hunan cancer registries in 2016 was 146.58/105.The age-standardized mortality rates by Chinese standard population and by world standard population were 96.87/105 and 95.86/105 respectively,with the cumulative mortality rate(0~74 years old)of 11.24%.The cancer mortality rate was 171.65/105 in urban areas and 133.51/105 in rural areas.The cancer mortality rate of males was higher than that of females(separately with 185.41/105 and 105.26/105).The most common causes of cancer death in males were lung cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,gastric cancer and esophagus cancer,and which in females were lung cancer,liver cancer,colorectal cancer,breast cancer and cervical cancer.[Conclusion]Lung cancer,breast cancer,colorectal cancer,liver cancer,cervical cancer,gastric cancer,nasopharynx cancer and esophagus cancer are the most common cancers seriously threatening people’s health in Hunan.It should be noted that the morbidity and mortality rates of the oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer have increased in men in Hunan Province,especially among urban male residents.