莲纤维的制备工艺研究

Study on the Preparation Technology of Lotus Fiber

针对原莲纤维制备工艺脱胶时间长、处理工序复杂的缺点,以农业生产废弃的莲杆为实验原料,采用碱氧一浴法工艺制备莲纤维。通过分析NaOH质量浓度、H_(2)O_(2)质量浓度、煮练温度及时间对莲纤维性能的影响,采用纤维长度、断裂强度和纤度等指标,得出优化的脱胶工艺条件为:NaOH质量浓度15 g/L,H_(2)O_(2)质量浓度15 g/L,煮练温度90℃,煮练时间1.5 h。在此工艺条件下,制得的莲纤维长度127.8 mm,纤度50.3 dtex,断裂强度1.45 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率6.81%。纤维总体性能指标有所改善,同时缩短了脱胶工艺时间,提高了纤维的制备效率。

In view of the shortcomings of the original lotus fiber preparation process such as long degumming time and complicated processing procedures,the waste lotus stems from agricultural production were used as experimental raw materials,and the alkaline oxygen one-bath process was applied to prepare lotus fiber in this study.Through analyzing the effects of mass concentrations of NaOH and H_(2)O_(2),boiling temperature and time on lotus fiber properties such as fiber length,breaking strength and splitting degree,the optimized degumming process conditions were obtained as below:mass concentration of NaOH 15 g/L,mass concentration of H_(2)O_(2)15 g/L,boiling temperature 90℃and boiling time 1.5 h.Under the best process conditions,the length of the lotus fiber obtained was 127.8 mm,the splitting degree was 50.3 dtex,the breaking strength was 1.45 cN/dtex,and the elongation at break was 6.81%.The overall performance index of the fiber was improved.At the same time,the degumming process time was shortened and the fiber preparation efficiency was improved.