脂肪因子Apelin及Elabela生物活性与疾病的相关性

Relationship between biological activities of Apelin and Elabela and diseases

背景:脂肪因子Apelin是血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体相关蛋白的内源性配体,拥有多个亚型,分别具有不同的生物学活性。近年发现,Elabela是血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体相关蛋白另一个配体,在心脏的发育及内胚层的分化中起着关键作用,与Apelin的作用时间点和区域不同。目的:目前已有大量文献研究Apelin及Elabela的结构及功能,此文将侧重于综述其对具体疾病的治疗作用及机制。方法:在PubMed、CNKI、万方全文数据库、维普数据库中进行相关文献检索,时限为1993至2020年,英文检索词为"Apelin,Elabela,nervous system,lung disease,high blood pressure,insulin resistance",中文检索词为"Apelin,Elabela,神经系统,肺疾病,高血压,胰岛素抵抗",对其摘要和结论进行初步筛选,排除与文章主题无关的研究及实验,最终纳入76篇文献进行结果分析。结果与结论:①Apelin具有缓解疼痛、减轻肺损伤程度、调节血压、抑制胃酸分泌、利尿、减轻胰岛素抵抗、增加免疫力、抗衰老等作用;②Elabela具有参与血管生成、胚胎发育、内胚层分化等作用;③两者有望成为循环系统、神经系统、心脏疾病的治疗靶点,进而为临床疾病的初步预防提供新的思路。

BACKGROUND: Apelin is an endogenous ligand of putative receptor protein related to angiotensin Ⅱ type 1 receptor(APJ), with multiple subtypes, each of which has different biological activities. In recent years, it has been discovered that Elabela is another ligand of APJ, which plays a key role in the development of the heart and differentiation of the endoderm. Elabela is different from Apelin in time point and area.OBJECTIVE: To focus on the therapeutic effects and mechanisms for specific diseases based on a large amount of literatures regarding the structure and function of Apelin and Elabela.METHODS: Relevant literature searches were conducted in PubMed, CNKI, WanFang Full-text Database, and VIP database. The time limit was from 1993 to 2020. The search terms were "Apelin, Elabela, nervous system, lung disease, high blood pressure, insulin resistance" in English and Chinese, respectively. Abstracts and conclusions were initially screened, and irrelevant literatures were excluded. Finally, 76 literatures were included for results analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Apelin has the effects of relieving pain, reducing lung damage, regulating blood pressure, inhibiting gastric acid secretion, diuresis, reducing insulin resistance, increasing immunity, anti-aging, etc. Elabela is involved in angiogenesis, embryonic development, endoderm differentiation, etc. Both of them are expected to become a therapeutic target for circulatory system, nervous system, and heart diseases, and provide new ideas for the initial prevention of diseases in clinic.