贫困地区脱贫质量及其影响因素研究

Quality of Poverty Alleviation and Its Influencing Factors

从生活质量、发展质量、公共服务质量以及社会治安质量等四个维度构建贫困地区脱贫质量指标体系,基于农业农村部全国农村固定观察点2009~2017年村级面板数据对贫困地区脱贫质量的发展情况进行系统评价,并探究影响贫困地区脱贫质量的关键因素。实证研究结果表明,生活质量在贫困地区脱贫质量评价体系中的权重最高,不同地区的不同村庄彼此之间生活质量差别很大;贫困地区劳动力整体素质和集体经济组织投资情况是当前影响贫困地区脱贫质量的关键因素。未来对于提升贫困地区脱贫质量,一方面要加强农村基础教育和农业职业教育,以激发贫困群体内生动力为目标,从源头阻断代际贫困,另一方面要充分发挥农村集体经济组织的规划引导作用,重点解决贫困地区基础配套设施不足和医疗、养老保障水平不高的"短板"问题。

This paper,from the four dimensions of quality of life,quality of development,quality of public service and quality of social security,attempts to construct an index system for the quality of poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken villages.Based on the village level panel data from the fixed observation points of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs from 2009 to 2017,an evaluation is made here of the evolution of the quality of poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken villages,followed by an exploration of the key factors affecting the said quality in these villages.The results show that the quality of life,the quality of development,the quality of public service and the quality of social security in these poverty-stricken villages are,on the whole,on the rise.However,the total score of the quality of poverty alleviation calculated by entropy weight method is still observed at a low level.The overall quality of labor force and the investment of collective economic organizations are shown to be the key factors affecting the quality of poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken villages.To improve the quality of poverty alleviation in these villages in the future,it is found to be necessary to elevate the level of basic education in rural areas and the vocational education for agriculture,to stimulate the endogenous power of the poverty-stricken groups,as well as to block the intergenerational poverty from its source.On the other hand,full play should be given to the planning and guidance role of the rural collective economic organizations,while enough attention should be focused on solving the‘short board’problems of insufficient infrastructure and low level of medical and pension security in the poverty-stricken villages.