《春秋繁露》中的“权变”观念及其元伦理学分析

The Concept of“Quanbian”in Luxuriant Gems of The Spring and Autumn Annals and the Analysis of It in Meta-Ethics

“权变”是董仲舒《春秋繁露》中的重要观念。从“权变”的定义、目的、范围和精神来看,其核心内涵是臣子拥有判断是非的自主性,行权的要旨在于君臣能否各自承担责任、履行义务。“权变”观念主张追求高尚的价值,拒斥符合普遍法则的绝对律令,在元伦理学上,其性质属于目的论式而非义务论式的伦理学。因此《春秋繁露》支持的是一种相对意义上的君臣关系。

“Quanbian”(adaptation and change)is an important concept put forward by Dong Zhongshu in Luxuriant Gems of The Spring and Autumn Annals.According to the definition,objective,range and spirit of“quanbian”,its core connotation is that ministers have the autonomy of judging right and wrong,and meanwhile,the main idea of exercising“quanbian”is whether the monarch and his subjects can bear their responsibility and perform their obligation respectively.The concept of“quanbian”asserts the pursuit of high value and rejects the absolute lawsaiming at conforming to universal laws.In meta-ethics,the nature of the concept of“quanbian”belongs to teleological rather than the obligation ethics.Therefore,Luxuriant Gems of The Spring and Autumn Annals supports a relative relationship between the monarch and his subjects.