前线将领内部矛盾与宣和伐辽作战的失败

Internal Contradictions of the Front Line Generals and the Failure of the War of Conquering Liao in Xuanhe Period of Northern Song Dynasty

北宋徽宗宣和四年(1122年),宋徽宗经历了一段时间的观望和摇摆后撕毁澶渊之盟,决定联合女真以武力伐辽,希望收复燕云地区,重建中原王朝的北方国防屏障。但此时北宋的财政、朝政、军政皆已腐败,使得这一军事行动充满较大的风险性,更考验着前线将帅们的统御和应变能力。然而,军前指挥作战的主帅童贯和参与具体战斗的种师道、和诜、刘延庆、杨可世等人,却因彼此之间的种种矛盾,在作战过程中贪功争胜、诿过观望、畏敌脱逃,直接导致了伐辽作战的接连惨败。

In the fourth year of Xuanhe of the Northern Song Dynasty(1122),Huizong of the Song Dynasty tore up the Chanyuan Treaty(peace treaty signed between Song and Liao at Chanyuan,Henan,in 1005)after a wait-and-see and indecisive stage,and decided to unite with Jurchen to attack Liao by force,hoping to recover Yanyun area and rebuild the northern defense barrier of the Central Plains Dynasty.But at that time the financial,political,and military affairs of the Northern Song Dynasty had been corrupted,making this military action full of greater risks and even testing the commanding ability and adaptability of the front-line generals as well.However,Tong Guan,the chief commander in front of the army,and other persons,Chong Shidao,He Shen,Liu Yanqing,and Yang Keshi who participated in specific battles,were greedy for power,shirked their responsibilities,and fled in fear of the enemy,which directly led to successive disastrous defeats in the war against Liao Dynasty.