衣原体疫苗的研究策略与进展

Research strategy and progress in Chlamydia vaccines

衣原体(Chlamydia)是一种专性胞内寄生菌,衣原体的反复感染及其诱发的严重后遗症是人类健康的巨大威胁,因此,迫切需要开发安全有效的疫苗来预防和控制衣原体感染。尽管人类在衣原体免疫保护机制的研究和疫苗开发方面已经取得了一定的突破,但是结合疫苗安全性和免疫效果的全面考量,有效衣原体疫苗的成功出世仍然面临很多问题。本文就疫苗免疫效果的影响因素、合理设计有效衣原体疫苗的要素以及减毒活疫苗、灭活疫苗、亚单位疫苗、核酸疫苗、树突状细胞(dendritic cells,DC)疫苗和菌影(bacterial ghost,BG)疫苗等衣原体疫苗的研究现状进行简要论述。

Chlamydia is an obligatory intracellular parasite.Repeated Chlamydia infection and its severe sequelae pose a great threat to human health.Therefore,a safe and effective vaccine is urgently needed to prevent and control Chlamydia infection.Although humans have made some breakthroughs in research on the immune protection mechanism against Chlamydia and the development of vaccines,the success of potential effective Chlamydia vaccines still faces many challenges in terms of vaccine safety and effectiveness.In this paper,the factors influencing vaccine immune effects;the elements of rational design of effective Chlamydia vaccines;and the status of live attenuated vaccines,inactivated vaccines,subunit vaccines,nucleic acid vaccines,dendritic cell(DC)vaccines and bacterial ghost(BG)vaccines are briefly reviewed.