中美铁路技术规章影响因素及差异性对比分析

Influencing Factors and Differences between Railway Technical Regulations in China and the United States: A Comparative Analysis

铁路技术规章涉及技术设备、行车组织、信号显示等内容,是铁路行车安全的重要保障,其形成和发展与多种因素密切相关。以铁路技术规章形成的外在条件和自身构成的内在要求为出发点,综合考虑国家支持力度、社会需求环境、规章制定基础,以及铁路技术规章形成的管理体系、内容组成、分类对比和可持续发展空间等内外部影响因素,采用对比分析法,从宏观和微观两个层面分析了中美铁路技术规章差异性产生的原因及其影响。通过对比分析中美两国铁路技术规章的差异性,提出4个方面的建议,为我国铁路技术规章的进一步完善提供参考。

Railway technical regulations involve technical equipment,organization of train operation,signal display,and so on,they are an important guarantee of railway operation safety,their formation and development depend on many factors.Taking the external conditions of the formation of railway technical regulations and the internal requirements of their own composition as the starting points,and considering the internal and external factors such as national support,social demand environment,regulatory basis,and the management system,content composition,classification comparison,and sustainable development space of railway technical regulations,this study analyzes the causes and effects of the differences in railway technical regulations between China and the United States at macro and micro levels.By comparing and analyzing the differences of China and the United States railway technical regulations,the recommendations of the four aspects can be obtained,which can provide reference for the further improvement of railway technical regulations in China.