百年来中国共产党领导下的农村减贫的政策演进、基本经验及世界意义

Policy Evolutions,Basic Experience and Worldwide Significance of Rural Poverty Reduction under the Leadership of the Communist Party of China over Last 100 Years

中国共产党领导人民经过百年努力取得了减贫的伟大胜利。中国的减贫在很大程度上就是解决农村的贫困问题,农村减贫经历了废除封建生产关系缓解贫困、计划经济体制下的救济式扶贫、农村经济体制改革下的摆脱贫困、专项减贫计划下的消除区域性贫困、精准扶贫精准脱贫基本方略下的消除农村绝对贫困和区域性整体贫困的阶段转换,不同阶段的减贫政策依据贫困范围和贫困程度进行了适时调整。在这一过程中积累了许多宝贵的经验,包括坚持党的集中统一领导,把消除农村贫困当作全党全社会的重要工作;不断深化改革,用发展的办法解决农村贫困问题;一切从实际出发,与时俱进调整农村减贫政策;发挥好政府主导作用的同时,最大程度动员社会力量参与扶贫;激发贫困群众内生动力,增强其自我发展能力;注重加强减贫的国际合作,共享先进减贫理念和经验。我国减贫的成功,引领了全球减贫事业的发展,为世界减贫提供了中国智慧和中国方案,促进了世界人权事业的发展,推动了人类命运共同体的构建。

The Communist Party of China(CPC)has led the people to achieve great victory of poverty reduction after a hundred years of efforts.To a large extent,China’s poverty reduction is to solve the problem of rural poverty.China’s rural poverty reduction undergoes the following stages:Poverty alleviation by abolishing feudal production relations,relieving poverty under the planned economic system,getting rid of poverty through the reform of rural economic system,eliminating regional poverty under special poverty reduction plans,eradicating absolute rural poverty and overall regional poverty under the strategy of targeted poverty alleviation.The poverty reduction policies were adjusted according to the scope and degree of poverty.A lot of valuable experience are accumulated in poverty reduction,such as upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC and taking eradication of rural poverty as an important task of the CPC and the whole society,constantly deepening reform and addressing rural poverty through development,proceeding from reality and adjusting rural poverty reduction policies by keeping abreast of the times,giving full play to the leading role of the government and mobilizing social forces to participate in the poverty alleviation,encouraging the internal impetus of poor population to enhance their self-development ability,strengthening international cooperation and sharing good ideas and experiences in poverty reduction.China’s success in poverty reduction has led the global fight against poverty and provides Chinese wisdom and solutions for world poverty reduction.It also promotes the human rights development across the world and the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.