从共治到共享:共享经济诚信伦理问题分析

From Shared Governance to Sharing:An Analysis on Ethical Integrity of Sharing Economy

诚实守信是契约经济的观念基础,是共享交换的基本前提。近年来,以闲置和低效利用资源使用权交换为主要特征的共享经济蓬勃发展,深刻地改变了传统市场交换中的人际关系,提出了陌生交换、使用权交换下的人际互信和诚信问题。在共享经济实践中,平台企业建立起审核、结算和评价等三大机制以增进诚信,但平台企业和平台用户的诚信失范问题仍然频发,损害了共享经济的健康发展,也侵蚀着整个社会经济发展的道德根基。要在“政府管平台,平台管用户,用户强自律”的大框架下,通过政府的制度治理、平台企业的内部治理、平台用户的道德自律以及政府、平台企业、用户的共同治理,重建共享经济诚信伦理。

Integrity is the conceptual basis of contract economy and the basic premise of sharing and exchanges.In recent years,the booming sharing economy characterized by the exchange of the right to use idle and inefficient resources has profoundly changed the interpersonal relationship of traditional market exchange,and it raises the issues of interpersonal trust and integrity for the exchanges among strangers and the exchange of right to use.In the practice of sharing economy,platform enterprises establish the mechanisms of review,settlement and evaluation to enhance integrity.However,there are frequent violations of integrity for both platform enterprises and platform users,which damage the sound development of sharing economy and erode the moral foundation of the society and economic development.Under the framework of“the government governing the platform,the platform managing users and the self-discipline of users”,ethical integrity can be rebuilt for sharing economy through institutional governance of the government,internal governance of platform enterprises,moral selfdiscipline of platform users,and shared governance of the government,platform enterprises and users.