乾隆贬损朱载堉十二平均律辨析——以《四库全书》经部乐类文献为中心

The Analyses on the Despised ideas of Qian Long towards The Twelveth Average Laws of Zhu ZaiYu——Centered by the Jing Bu Yue Classes Bibliography of Siku Quanshu

《四库全书》是清乾隆年间编纂的大型丛书,涵盖中国有文字记载成书以来的珍贵文献,其经部有乐类目,著录历代“礼乐”文献。明朱载堉以数学模式推导“十二平均律”,发明了“新法密率”,在中国律学史上占有重要地位。但“新法密率”却遭乾隆敕纂《御制律吕正义后编》和上谕《乐律全书·校正条例》贬损,斥为“臆说”。在《御制律吕正义后编》中的《乐问》篇,列朱载堉“新法密率”十罪,进行批判。此《乐问》实则是管制官民发明创造的“精神枷锁”,不利于学术探索,也禁锢了思想进步。

Siku Quan Shu is an enormous book edited in the period of Qian Long's,which included some precious bibliography since China has our own writing or books.Its Jingbu has the Musical selection called Mu.It has all kinds of historical Yue classical Books.Ming Zhu Zai Yu has the mathematical models to introduce Twelfth Average Laws,he also discovered New Law Mi Rule,which has an important role in the Chinese Laws history.But New Law Mi Rule was ordered and corrected or despised by Qian Long on Yu Zhi Rules Edited by Lv Zhen Yi's Later Works,and also by the above works of Yue Rules Quan shu.Correcting Rules,which was critizised as nonsence.On Yu Zhi Rules Edited by Lv Zheng Yi's Later Works of the article Yue Questions,which was criticized as ten crimes by Zhu Zai Yu'New Law Mi Rule.This Yue Question was the rule to administer all the army and people as their spirit rules while they would have creative ideas.It is not beneficent towards academic research,and also it prohibits the advanced thoughts.