不同类型的杀菌剂对丹参菌根效益的影响

Effect of different fungicides on efficiency of mycorrhizal symbiosis on Salvia miltiorrhiza

丛枝菌根真菌与栽培丹参形成共生体后产生诸多有益的作用,如提高药材产量、促进有效成分积累,减少病害的发生等,然而施用杀菌剂是否会影响菌根效益,目前相关研究甚少。基于此,该研究以丛枝菌根真菌的侵染强度、丹参生长以及有效成分含量作为评价指标,研究4种不同类型的杀菌剂(多菌灵、多抗霉素、甲基拖布津、代森锰锌)对菌根效益的影响。实验结果表明不同种类的杀菌剂作用不同。施用代森锰锌对丹参菌根效益的抑制作用最强,代森锰锌处理会显著降低菌根侵染率和侵染强度,显著抑制丛枝菌根真菌对丹参生长以及有效成分积累的促进作用。多抗霉素处理对菌根侵染率和侵染强度无显著影响,反而在促进丹参地上部分生长以及迷迭香酸的积累等方面与菌根具有协同作用。4种不同类型的杀菌剂对丛枝菌根侵染及菌根效益的抑制作用大小为代森锰锌>甲基托布津、多菌灵>多抗霉素。因此,在进行丹参菌根化栽培时可以配合使用多抗霉素等生物杀菌剂,避免使用代森锰锌等化学杀菌剂进行病害防治。

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi provided is beneficial to Salvia miltiorrhiza for increasing yield, promoting the accumulation of active ingredients, and alleviating S. miltiorrhiza disease etc. However, the application of fungicides will affect the benefit of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and there is little research about it. This article study the effect of four different fungicides: carbendazim, polyoxin, methyl mopazine, and mancozeb on mycorrhiza benefit to S. miltiorrhiza by the infection intensity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, the growth of S. miltiorrhiza, and the content of active ingredients. Results showed that different fungicides had different effects. The application of mancozeb had the strongest inhibitory effect on the mycorrhizal benefit to S. miltiorrhiza. Mancozeb significantly reduced the mycorrhizal colonization and the beneficial effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and the accumulation of active components of S. miltiorrhiza. The application of polyoxin had no significant effect on mycorrhizal colonization. Instead, it had a synergistic effect with the mycorrhizal benefit to promoting the growth and accumulation of rosmarinic acid of S. miltiorrhiza. The inhibitory strengths of four fungicides are: mancozeb>thiophanate methyl, carbendazim>polyoxin. Therefore, we recommend applying biological fungicides polyoxin and avoid applying chemical fungicides mancozeb for disease control during mycorrhizal cultivation of S. miltiorrhiza.