养血清脑颗粒治疗原发性高血压病及伴随症状有效性及安全性的系统评价和试验序贯分析

Systematic evaluation and trail sequential analysis of efficacy and safety of Yangxue Qingnao Granules in treatment of essential hypertension and its accompanying symptoms

系统评价养血清脑颗粒联合常规西药治疗原发性高血压病及伴随症状的有效性及安全性。检索PubMed、EMbase、Cochrane Library、维普、中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学数据库自建库至2020年4月收录的关于养血清脑颗粒联合常规西药治疗原发性高血压病及伴随症状的临床随机对照试验,根据纳入及排除标准筛选文献,使用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析,TSA 0.9.5.10 Beta软件进行试验序贯分析,GRADE 3.6进行GRADE证据质量评价。共纳入34项随机对照试验,4 532例患者,Meta分析结果显示,养血清脑颗粒联合常规降压药在降低收缩压(MD=-10.56,95%CI[-13.63,-7.50],P<0.000 01)与舒张压(MD=-8.21,95%CI[-10.84,-5.59],P<0.000 01),提高总有效率(RR=1.21,95%CI[1.14,1.29],P<0.000 01),改善患者头晕(RR=1.29,95%CI[1.21,1.37],P<0.000 01)、失眠(RR=1.66,95%CI[1.44,1.91],P<0.000 01)、头痛(RR=1.32,95%CI[1.21,1.43],P<0.000 01)、胸闷(RR=1.26,95%CI[1.12,1.42],P=0.000 1)、记忆力减退(RR=1.24,95%CI[1.10,1.40],P=0.000 4)、心悸(RR=1.28,95%CI[1.17,1.41],P<0.000 01),改善中医症状积分(MD=-4.24,95%CI[-5.25,-3.23],P<0.000 01)、头痛症状改善评分(MD=-2.02,95%CI[-2.51,-1.53],P<0.000 01)方面的作用优于单纯西药组,且亚组分析结果显示,在降低收缩压和舒张压方面养血清脑颗粒联合血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)类药物的作用更明显。不良反应发生率方面差异无统计学意义,各研究未见肝肾功能异常。试验序贯分析显示总有效率累计纳入的研究穿过了传统界值和TSA界值,进一步肯定了其临床疗效。GRADE评价显示证据级别多为低级或极低级。临床应用养血清脑颗粒联合常规西药治疗原发性高血压病及伴随症状的疗效明确,并且具有一定的安全性,推荐临床应用。

To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yangxue Qingnao Granules combined with conventional Western medicine in the treatment of essential hypertension and its accompanying symptoms. PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, VIP, CNKI, Wanfang, and China biomedical database(CBD) were searched to screen out from the establishment of the database to April 2020 about the clinical randomized controlled trials of Yangxue Qingnao Granules combined with conventional Western medicine in the treatment of essential hypertension and accompanying symptoms. The articles were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis. TSA 0.9.5.10 Beta software was used for sequential analysis, and GRADE 3.6 was used for evidence quality evaluation. A total of 4 532 patients were included in 34 randomized controlled trials. Meta-analysis results showed that: Yangxue Qingnao Granules combined with conventional anti-hypertensive agents reduced systolic blood pressure(MD=-10.56, 95%CI[-13.63,-7.50], P<0.000 01) and diastolic blood pressure(MD=-8.21, 95%CI[-10.84,-5.59], P<0.000 01), improved total effective rate(RR=1.21, 95%CI[1.14, 1.29], P<0.000 01), improved patients dizziness(RR=1.29, 95%CI[1.21, 1.37], P<0.000 01), insomnia(RR=1.66, 95%CI[1.44, 1.91], P<0.000 01), headache(RR=1.32, 95%CI[1.21, 1.43], P<0.000 01), chest distress(RR=1.26, 95%CI[1.12, 1.42], P=0.000 1), memory loss(RR=1.24, 95%CI[1.10, 1.40], P=0.000 4), palpitation(RR=1.28, 95%CI[1.17, 1.41], P<0.000 01), and improved traditional Chinese medicine symptom scores(MD=-4.24, 95%CI[-5.25,-3.23], P<0.000 01) and headache symptom improvement scores(MD=-2.02, 95%CI[-2.51,-1.53], P<0.000 01) as compared with Western medicine group alone. Subgroup analysis results showed that Yang-xue Qingnao Granules combined with ACEI drug had more obvious effects in lowering systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions, and no abnormal liver and kidney function was observed in each study. Trial sequential analysis showed that the total effective rate was cumulative across the traditional and TSA thresholds, further confirming its clinical efficacy. The evidence level was mostly low or extremely low in GRADE evaluation. The clinical application of Yangxue Qingnao Granules combined with conventional Western medicine in the treatment of essential hypertension and its accompanying symptoms is clear and safe, so it is recommended for clinical application.