有机无机肥料组合对猕猴桃品质和产量的影响

Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Combination on Quality and Yield of Kiwifruit

通过施用不同肥料组合,验证其对猕猴桃品质和产量的影响,为猕猴桃的提质增效生产提供科学依据。本试验设置了不同的有机无机肥料组合(不施肥空白对照、千州基础肥、千州基础肥+复合肥、商品基础肥、商品基础肥+复合肥),其5个处理。测定了猕猴桃叶片生长、叶片叶绿素SPAD值、果实形态指标、果实品质和产量方面的相关指标,并对不同肥料组合的田间应用效果进行了综合评价。结果表明:与不施肥对照相比,施用商品基础肥+复合肥显著增加了猕猴桃百叶厚、果实可溶性固形物含量及固酸比,分别增加了14.15%、33.88%、3.05倍;酸度显著降低了65.63%;一定程度上增加了叶片横径、叶绿素SPAD值、果实横纵径、VC含量及可溶性糖含量,增幅分别为7.74%、3.17%、1.60%、2.24%、33.20%、63.32%。该处理的单果质量在所有处理中最大,达27.84 g;产量增加了461.09 kg/667 m2,净收入增加了6351.80元/667 m2。综上,施用基础有机肥+复合肥能进一步促进‘红阳’猕猴桃的发育,优化其品质,提高其产量,综合表现最好。

The effects of fertilizer combinations on the quality and yield of kiwifruit were verified to provide a scientific basis for the quality and efficiency improvement of kiwifruit production.Five treatments were set up in this experiment,namely no fertilizer blank control,"Qianzhou"basic fertilizer,"Qianzhou"basic fertilizer+compound fertilizer,commodity base fertilizer,commodity base fertilizer+compound fertilizer.The relative indexes of kiwi leaf growth,chlorophyll SPAD value,fruit shape index,fruit quality and yield were measured,and the field application effect of different fertilizer combinations was evaluated comprehensively.The results showed as follows:compared with the control without fertilization,application of commercial base fertilizer+compound fertilizer significantly increased leaf thickness,fruit soluble solid content and solid acid ratio of kiwifruit by 14.15%,33.88%and 3.05 times,respectively;the acidity was significantly decreased by 65.63%;the leaf diameter,chlorophyll SPAD value,fruit horizontal and vertical diameter,VC content and soluble sugar content increased by 7.74%,3.17%,1.60%,2.24%,33.20%,63.32%,respectively;the single fruit weight was biggest(27.84 g),the yield increased by 461.09 kg/667 m2,and the net income increased by 6351.80 yuan/667 m2.In conclusion,the application of commercial base fertilizer+compound can further promote the development of'Hongyang'kiwifruit,optimize its quality and improve its yield,and the overall performance is the best.