2015-2019年广州市疟疾病例监测分析

Epidemiological analysis of malaria cases in Guangzhou from 2015 to 2019

目的了解2015-2019年广州市疟疾流行特征,为制定疟疾防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集2015-2019年广州市报告的疟疾病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法,探讨疟疾病例的流行病学特征。结果2015-2019年广州市报告疟疾病例501例,均为输入性病例。其中2015年报告74例,2016年97例,2017年111例,2018年104例,2019年115例,报告病例数呈上升趋势。各年病例均以恶性疟为主,占全部病例的86.83%(435/501)。病例以青壮年居多,其中30~<40岁年龄组181例,占36.13%;40~<50岁年龄组130例,占25.95%。职业分布以商业服务和农民工所占比例最大,分别占30.54%和21.76%。输入地以非洲为主,占95.21%(477/501);东南亚次之,占2.99%(15/501)。结论广州市输入性疟疾疫情形势严峻,应加强多部门合作,提高对出入境人员疟疾的监测力度,同时有针对性的加强健康宣传,有效控制输入性疟疾。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of malaria cases in Guangzhou,and provide a scientific basis to prevent the spread of malaria.Method The data of malaria cases in Guangzhou from 2015 to 2019 were collected,and the epidemiological characteristics were reported using descriptive epidemiological methods.Results A total of 501 cases of malaria were reported,and all of which were imported cases.There was an upward trend in the number of imported cases with 74 cases in 2015,97 cases in 2016,111 cases in 2017,104 cases in 2018 and 115 cases in 2019.Falciparum malaria accounted for 86.83%(435/501)of the cases in all years.Most cases were males,and the cases of 30~<40 years old accounted for 36.13%(181/501),40~<50 years old accounted for 25.95%(130/501).The cases were mainly engaged in business services and labor export,accounting for 30.54%(153/501)and 21.76%(109/501),respectively.The imported cases were mainly from Africa,accounting for 95.21%(477/501),followed by Southeast Asia,accounting for 2.99%(15/501).Conclusions The situation of imported malaria in Guangzhou was serious.The cooperation among corresponding administrative departments,improvement of the surveillance of malaria in returnees from Africa and Southeast Asia,and health publicity should be strengthened to control malaria.