鄂乡“鼓车赛会”的体质人类学研究

Research on Drum Car Race in E Village by Physical Anthropology

应用体质人类学的方法,借助田野调查挖掘整理此前未被体育界重视的山西省临汾市襄汾县鄂乡的“鼓车赛会”项目。研究首先通过观察及访谈,了解“鼓车赛会”的起源。经过多重考据认为,鄂乡鼓车赛会起源于唐代尉迟敬德。记录了鼓车的样式及赛会的运动特征。结合田野调查获取的体质数据与相关数据进行比较,认为鄂乡鼓车赛会参与者这一群体身强体壮,这可能与民俗传统体育活动参与者需要充沛体能和竞技性较强的体质选拔有关。同时鼓车赛会参与者心肺机能水平较好,手部、背部及腿部肌肉力量较好。提示经常参加这一速度与耐力结合的群体性竞赛活动有助于提高其身体机能以及力量素质。最后,结合体育元素与时代特征的分析,对“鼓车赛会”的未来发展进行了规划。

With physical anthropology,by means of field investigation,the paper explores Drum Car Race event in E Village which is not given importance in the sports circle.Through observation and interview,we know the origin of Drum Car Race.It originated from Yuchi Jingde in the Tang Dynasty,when the style of the drum car and sports characteristics of the race are recorded.With physical data of Drum Car Race participaes by field investigation,and comparing with the related data,we find that participants in the Drum Car Race are strong,which may be because participants in traditional folk sports are selected to be competitiveness and full of energy.In addition,these participants have better cardiopulmonary function and muscle strength of hands,back and legs,suggesting that Drum Car Race may improve their physical function and increase strength.Finally,through the analysis of sports elements and characteristics of the times,the future development of Drum Car Race is planned.