经产母猪群膘情管理标准及方法的建立和实施

Establishment and implementation of standards and methods for fat condition management of multiparous sowsing

为了降低过肥、过瘦母猪比例,提高经产母猪膘情整齐度及母猪生产水平,试验采取体况评分和B型超声波背膘测定相结合的方法进行膘情评定,确定母猪测膘时间,以猪场多数2~5胎高产母猪的背膘厚为依据,确定3个阶段的背膘厚标准,建立猪场的膘情管理标准和方法,对经产母猪的膘情进行调控和管理。结果表明:经产母猪测膘时间为配种后30~35 d、61~65 d和91~95 d, 3个阶段母猪的背膘厚标准值分别为12~14 mm、15~16 mm和17~18 mm。2018年膘情管理标准及方法实施后,3个阶段母猪膘情不合格比例都有下降,变化最大的是妊娠55~65 d和85~95 d这两个阶段,标准实施后比实施前分别下降了48.95百分点和40.34百分点。母猪几个重要生产指标(平均窝产仔数、平均窝断奶仔猪数、平均断奶重)也得到提高,其中平均窝产仔数较2017年实施前提高0.89头,提高了7.78%;平均窝断奶仔猪数提高0.76头,提高了7.94%;平均断奶重提高0.91 kg,提高了14.33%。说明母猪膘情管理标准及方法的建立和实施可以提高经产母猪膘情整齐度,提高经产母猪群生产水平。

In order to reduce the proportion of over-fattened and over-lean sows and improve the trim condition and production level of multiparous sows, fat condition was evaluated by baby condition score and B type ultrasonic back standard determination, and sow fattening time was determined. The backfat thickness standards of three stages were determined based on the backfat thickness of most high yield sows of gestational age 2-5.The fat condition management standards and methods of the pig farm were established to regulate and manage the fat condition of the pregnant sows.The results showed that the fattening time of multiparous sows was determined as the 30 th-35 th, 61 st-65 th and 91 st-95 th days after mating, the fat thickness standards of the three stages were determined as 12 to 14 mm, 15 to 16 mm and 17 to 18 mm, respectively. After the implementation of fat condition management standard in 2018, the fat condition unqualified ratio of sows decreased in the three stages, the biggest change was in the 55 th to 65 th day and the 85 th to 95 th day of pregnancy, After the implementation of the standards, fat condition unqualified ratio for these two phases decreased by 48.95% and 40.34%, respectively, compared with those before the implementation. Several important production indexes(average litter size, average number of weaned piglets and average weaning weight) of sows were also improved, among which the average litter size increased by 0.89 head compared pre-implementation with 2017, an increase of 7.78%;the average number of weaned piglets increased by 0.76 head, an increase of 7.94%;the average weaning weight increased by 0.91 kg, an increase of 14.34%. The results indicated that the establishment and implementation of standards and methods for fat condition management of sow could improve the regularity of sow fat condition and raise the production level of postpartum sows.