辩证综合的理论难度与中国当代文论的自否定创新

The Theoretical Difficulty of Dialectical Synthesis and Self-Negative Innovation of Contemporary Chinese Literary Theory

20世纪80年代以来,随着学术研究领域的快速拓展,辩证综合被确立为文论学理创新最主要的方法。辩证综合创新以辩证法的对立统一为哲学基础,强调在中西古今资源之间,在文论基本问题的各个层面、视角和问题之间,进行综合,以实现理论原创。这一方法的理论难度在于,辩证综合容易忽视中西古今之间文化的异质性和所综合观念之间的内在差异,不可避免地造成了辩证综合创新方法的内在紧张。重回辩证法的原初语境,从自否定的角度重新解释辩证法的否定规律,充分展开辩证法的批判和反思维度,以中国现当代文论新传统为逻辑起点,实现当代文论的自否定创新,或可成为中国文论原创的重要方法论路径。

Since the 1980 s, with the rapid expansion of academic research, dialectical synthesis has been established as the most important method of theoretical innovation in literary theory. Dialectical comprehensive innovation takes the unity of opposites of dialectics as its philosophical basis, emphasizing the dialectical synthesis between ancient and modern resources of China and the West,and among various levels,perspectives and basic issues of literary theory,in order to achieve theoretical originality. The theoretical difficulty of this method lies in that dialectical synthesis often ignores the cultural heterogeneity between ancient and modern China and the inherent differences within the integrated concepts,which inevitably leads to the inherent tension of the dialectical synthesis innovation method. Returning to the original context of dialectics,reinterpreting the negative law of dialectics from the perspective of self-negation,fully launching the criticism and counter-thinking of dialectics,taking the new tradition of modern and contemporary Chinese literary theory as the logical starting point and realizing the self-negation innovation of contemporary literary theory may become important methodological paths for the original creation of Chinese literary theory.