2019至2020年天津市住院患儿腺病毒和博卡病毒感染的流行病学特征及分子分型

Epidemiological characteristics and molecular typing of hospitalized children with human adenoviruses and human bocavirus infection in Tianjin from 2019 to 2020

目的分析天津市儿童医院急性呼吸道感染的住院患儿中腺病毒和博卡病毒感染的流行病学特征及分子分型。方法收集2019年3月至2020年2月天津市儿童医院1171份急性呼吸道感染患儿鼻咽抽吸物,用腺病毒和博卡病毒感染特异性引物进行PCR扩增,对阳性扩增产物进行核苷酸序列测定,将腺病毒和博卡病毒所测序列在GenBank中进行比对,同时用MEGA7.0.26对腺病毒进行分子分型以及系统进化树分析。对不同年龄段(<6个月、6~11个月、12~23个月、24~35个月、36~47个月、≥48个月)及季节的腺病毒和博卡病毒阳性检出率进行比较分析。结果1171份标本中分别检出腺病毒30株[阳性率2.56%(30/1171)]和博卡病毒84株[阳性率7.17%(84/1171)]。不同年龄段腺病毒和博卡病毒阳性检出率分别在1.02%(4/392)~6.61%(8/121)和4.09%(7/171)~11.45%(26/227)。各年龄段腺病毒和博卡病毒的阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(²)=12.862,P=0.025;χ^(²)=14.178,P=0.015)。冬季是腺病毒感染的高峰期,阳性率为5.54%(15/271);秋季和冬季博卡病毒感染的高峰期,阳性率分别为12.00%(36/300)和12.55%(34/271),高于其他两季(χ^(²)=43.753,P<0.05)。不同季节呼吸道腺病毒和博卡病毒阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(²)=13.287,P=0.004;χ^(²)=43.753,P<0.05)。29株腺病毒序列分别为HAdV-B亚群的HAdV-3、7血清型和HAdV-C亚群的HAdV-1、2、5血清型。结论腺病毒和博卡病毒在小儿呼吸道感染中起重要作用,且与季节、患儿年龄等因素密切相关,应该引起临床重视。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and molecular classification of Human adenovirus(HAdV)and Human bocavirus(HBoV)infection in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection in Tianjin Children′s Hospital.Methods A total of 1171 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children with acute respiratory infection in Tianjin Children′s Hospital from March 2019 to February 2020.The specific primers designed by gene sequence were amplified by polymerase chain reation(PCR),and the positive amplification products were determined by sequencing.The sequences of HAdV and HBoV were compared in GenBank,molecular typed and phylogenetic tree analyzed of HAdV by MEGA7.0.26.The positive rate of HAdV and HBoV in different age groups(<6 months,6-11 months,12-23 months,24-35 months,36-47 months,≥48 months)and seasons were compared by SPSS20.0.Results Thirty HAdV were detected in 1171 specimens,with a positive rate of 2.56%(30/1171)and 84 cases with HBoV,with a positive rate of 7.17%(84/1171).The positive detection rates of HAdV and HBoV in different age groups were 1.02%(4/392)-6.61%(8/121)and 4.09%(7/171)-11.45%(26/227),respectively.There was a significant difference in the positive detection rate of HAdV and HBoV in each age group(χ^(²)=12.862,P=0.025;χ^(²)=14.178,P=0.015).Winter is the peak period of HAdV infection,with a positive rate of 5.54%(15/271).The peak of HBoV infection is autumn and winter with a positive rate of 12.00%(36/300)and 12.5%(34/271),respectively,higher than that of the other two seasons(χ^(²)=43.753,P<0.05).There was a significant difference in different season groups(χ^(²)=13.287,P=0.004;χ^(²)=43.753,P<0.05).The sequences of 29 adenoviruses were HAdV-3,7 serotypes of HAdV-B subgroup and HAdV-1,2,5 serotypes of HAdV-C subgroup.Conclusion HAdV and HBoV play important roles in children′s respiratory tract infections,and are closely related to factors such as the season and the age of the child.They should attract clinical attention.