2020年广东省动物饲料中4种主要霉菌毒素污染调查

Investigation of four mycotoxins contamination in feed in Guangdong Province in 2020

采用液相色谱-串联质谱技术,针对2020年从广东省内采集的共196份猪、鸡、水产动物、宠物饲料样品中的黄曲霉素B1、伏马毒素B1、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、玉米赤霉烯酮4种霉菌毒素污染情况进行调查。结果:饲料中霉菌毒素污染普遍存在,霉菌毒素的检出率高达75%。猪饲料和鸡饲料中霉菌毒素污染严重,黄曲霉素B1存在15%~20%的超标污染,脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的阳性样本均为80%以上,玉米赤霉烯酮、伏马毒素B1的阳性样本也在65%以上;水产饲料的霉菌毒素管控工作最到位,仅黄曲霉素B1存在超标污染;宠物饲料中4种霉菌毒素均存在约50%的检出可能。此次调查结果显示广东省饲料中霉菌毒素污染形势仍较严峻,霉菌毒素污染的控制工作仍需进一步加强。

In this study, a total of 196 samples of feed for pigs, chickens, and aquatic animals were collected in Guangdong Province in 2020, and the detection method of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) was used to analyze the contamination of aflatoxin B1,fumonisin B1,zearalenone and deoxynivalenol in animal feed. The results were as follows: Mycotoxin contamination in animal feed was serious in 2020, which was detected in 75% of the samples. The excess rate of aflatoxin B1 in the samples of feed for pigs and chickens was 15%-20%. The positive detection rate of deoxynivalenol exceeded 80%, and the positive detection rate of zearalenone and fumonisin B1exceeded 65%. It is worth noting that the control of mycotoxin contamination in aquatic feed was the most stringent, and only aflatoxin B1 wasof excessive contamination. Furthermore, the detection rate of the four mycotoxins in pet feed was 50% on average. In short, the survey results showed that the contamination of mycotoxins in feeds in Guangdong Province was serious, and further control of their contamination was required.