太阳能无人机发展综述

Overview of Solar Powered UAV Development

太阳能无人机以其长航时、能源清洁被世界各国重视,已经成为国家战略不可或缺的一环。简述了现如今太阳能无人机发展现状及成就;整理了太阳能无人机总体设计的发展脉络,介绍1种较成熟的能源管理方案;基于现有太阳能无人机采取的布局方式,引出并介绍了双机身串列翼构型太阳能无人机的可行性及优缺点。优点是采用串列翼布局的无人机升力较大,滞空时间也较长;缺点是前后分布的机翼并不能增加机体的强度,且前面机翼产生的涡流对后面的机翼容易产生影响。合理结合双机身与串列翼布局,能提升无人机的升力与续航能力,增强无人机机体强度,提高飞行稳定性,对国内发展此类型太阳能无人机进行展望。

The solar UAV,with their long endurance and clean energy,have been valued by countries around the world and become an indispensable part of the national strategy.By reading and sorting out a large number of domestic and foreign literature related to the solar UAV,the current situation and achievements of solar UAV development are briefly reported.The development of the overall design of solar unmanned aerial vehicle is summarized,and a mature energy management scheme is briefly introduced.Based on the existing layout of solar UAV,the feasibility and advantages and disadvantages of the double-fuselage tandem winged solar UAV are introduced.The advantages of the tandem winged UAV are higher lift force and longer endurance.The disadvantage is that the front and rear wings do not increase the strength of the airframe,and the front wing vortex is easy to affect the rear wing.Reasonable combination of double fuselage and tandem wing layout can improve the lift and endurance of UAV,enhance the strength of UAV body,and improve the flight stability.The domestic development of this type of solar UAV is prospected.