物恋的视觉性呈现——从《素园石谱》到晚明绘画

Visualization of Fetishism:From Stones in Su Garden to the Paintings in the late Ming Dynasty

晚明的物恋趣味所带来的微观观察方式,为绘画的视觉性呈现提供了新的观照。《素园石谱》是晚明的版画类图谱,描绘了各类名胜奇石、园林立峰、文房雅石,满足了晚明士人对石头的癖好和尚奇的风气。与此同时,陈洪绶、蓝瑛等画家的绘画中都体现出对石头形态特征的细节描绘。这种精致描绘的方式回应着董其昌既定的审美品位,也使得绘画物象的造型趋向于怪异,从而形成一套独特的晚明视觉形式。本文以石头为母题,通过对晚明士人在物恋上的视觉性(visuality)呈现进行分析,试图阐释图像观赏与图像制作之间的某种联系,指出版画、中国画无一不是晚明社会生活"观看"的一部分。

The fetishism in the late Ming Dynasty provides new perspectives on the visualization of paintings.Stones in Su Garden is the atlas of woodblock paintings in the late Ming Dynasty,describing various stones in scenic spots,gardens,and studies.It reflects the love for stones.In the paintings of Chen Hongshou and Lan Ying,detailed depiction was made to stones,echoing the aesthetics defined by Dong Qichang,and leading the pattern and styling onto a weird path.A unique visualization form was thus created in the late Ming Dynasty.This paper analyzes the visuality of fetishism among the painters in the late Ming Dynasty,trying to correlate painting appreciation to painting creation,and pointing out that both the woodblock paintings and the Chinese paintings were part of the"visual"life in the late Ming Dynasty.