光催化纳米材料的微生物法制备及其研究进展

Microbial synthesis of photocatalytic nanomaterials:current status andfuture prospects

光催化纳米材料是指能直接将太阳能转化为化学能来进行催化的纳米材料。因能直接利用太阳能这一特性,光催化纳米材料成为了缓解能源短缺和环境污染最有潜力的一类材料。光催化纳米材料的制备方法多种多样,其中,微生物制备法是利用微生物生长代谢合成光催化纳米材料,因微生物生长周期短、反应条件简单、无二次污染、节能环保等优点,成为现今极具发展潜力的、绿色环保的制备方法。对此研究者们进行了大量的研究探索。结合了近十年来有关微生物法制备光催化纳米材料的研究文献,介绍了用微生物法合成的各种纳米光催化材料,包括金属单质、硫族金属化合物、金属氧化物、复合材料及其它。重点阐述了光催化纳米材料的微生物制备过程及机理,介绍了各种光催化纳米材料的应用及光催化机理,最后,对光催化技术和微生物制备未来的研究进行了展望。

Photocatalytic nanomaterials are nanomaterials that can directly convert solar energy into chemical energy for catalysis.Due to the property of directly utilizing the solar energy,photocatalytic nanomaterials have become the most promising type of material to alleviate energy shortages and environmental pollution.There are various preparation methods for photocatalytic nanomaterials.Among them,the microbial preparation method is to synthesize photocatalytic nanomaterials through microbial growth and metabolism.Owing to these advantages including the short microbial growth cycle,simple reaction conditions,no secondary pollution,energy saving,environmental protection,etc,microbial synthesis has become a green preparation method with great development potential.Researchers have conducted a lot of research and exploration on it.Researchers have conducted a lot of research and exploration on this.Based on the research literature on the preparation of photocatalytic nanomaterials by microorganisms in the past ten years,in this article,various nanophotocatalytic materials synthesized by microbial method are introduced,including elemental metals,chalcogen compounds,metal oxides,composites materials and others.The microbial preparation process and mechanism of the above various photocatalytic nanomaterials are mainly discribed.The photocatalytic utility and photocatalytic mechanism of photocatalytic nanomaterials are introduced.Finally,the development prospects of photocatalytic technology and microbial preparation methods are forecasted.