苹果中耕除草机的设计与试验研究

Design and Experimental Study of Mid-tillage and Weeding Machine for Apple Orchard

苹果是我国主要的特色经济作物,苹果果园在管理过程中存在作业环节较多、人工劳动量大、生产成本高等突出问题。为了减少除草剂对果树的影响和解决人工除草强度较大的问题,设计了一种具有自动避让功能的苹果中耕除草机,可以同时清除苹果树行间和株间的杂草,有效提高除草作业效率,降低漏除率。田间试验表明:该机作业深度为0~12 mm可调,作业幅宽为2.04 m,漏除率为4.1%,均符合苹果中耕除草机的作业要求。苹果中耕除草机实现了果园管理的机械化,对我国全面推进机械化生产具有十分重要的意义。

Apple is a kind of nutritious fruit,which is the main characteristic economic plant in China.In the process of apple orchard management,there are many problems,such as too many working links,large amount of labor and high production cost.In order to reduce the influence of herbicides on apple orchards and solve the problem of high intensity of man hand weeding,an apple mid-tillage weeding machine with automatic collision avoidance function was designed.The machine can remove weeds between rows and plants of apple trees at the same time.It can effectively improve weeding efficiency and reduce the leakage rate.Field experiments show that the depth of operation is adjustable from 0 mm to 12 mm,the width of operation is 2.04 m,and the leakage rate is 4.1%.The machine meets the operation requirements of apple orchard weeding.The mid-tillage and weeding machine for apple orchard realizes the mechanization of orchard management,which is of great significance to promote the mechanized production in China and provides a reliable basis for the economic development of orchards in China.