慢性失眠的发病机制与认知行为治疗

Pathophysiology and cognitive behavioral therapy of chronic insomnia

慢性失眠的发生、发展过程同个体因素和多种环境因素密切相关,目前认为易感因素、诱发因素和维持因素等环节发挥非常重要的作用。失眠的认知行为治疗(cognitive behavioral treatment for insomnia,CBT-I)从对失眠患者病理心理学基础的分析出发,将针对失眠治疗的认知治疗和行为治疗等一系列治疗内容进行有针对性的组合,能够在很大程度上改善患者的症状。随着互联网的普及,基于网络的远程CBT-I操作相对便捷,弥补了传统CBT-I的一些不足,成为近年来主要的研究热点。药物和非药物的治疗方式从不同角度出发,发挥各自方式的优势,提高慢性失眠的治疗效果。

The occurrence and development of chronic insomnia involves subjective and objective factors,which can be classified as predisposing factors,precipitating factors and perpetuating factors.Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia(CBT-I)evolves from the pathopsychological analysis of chronic insomnia patients,and selectively combines the sleep hygiene,cognitive therapy and behavioral therapy to improve the symptoms of patients.With the popularity of internet,the digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia has an convenient advantage over the traditional therapy,and has become the focus of research.Researchers have proposed multiple therapies for chronic insomnia,including drug therapy and non-drug therapy,which improve the treatment effect of chronic insomnia from different perspectives.