枸芪提取物对蛋鸡生产性能和鸡蛋品质及鸡蛋营养成分的影响

Effects of Lycium barbarum and Astragalus membranaceus extraction on laying hens production ability, egg quality and egg nutritional value

[目的]通过对蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋品质、氨基酸、脂肪酸成分的检测,探究枸芪提取物作为饲料添加剂在畜禽养殖中的适用性,为未来实用型添加剂的开发提供理论基础。[方法]选用3 600只315日龄的健康大午金凤蛋鸡作为试验动物。随机分成对照组与处理组,每个组设12个重复,每重复150只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂添加0.1%枸芪提取物的基础日粮,饲养84 d。测定蛋鸡的生产性能、鸡蛋品质和鸡蛋营养成分。[结果]枸芪提取物的饲喂可显著提高蛋鸡平均蛋质量,显著降低异常蛋数(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组鸡蛋品质中蛋黄颜色显著加深(P<0.05),35~56 d、63~84 d的蛋壳质量显著提高(P<0.05),饲养35~56 d哈氏单位、浓蛋白高度显著提高。另外,试验组显著提高鸡蛋中天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、脯氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸这些风味氨基酸的含量(P<0.05),以及蛋黄中总不饱和脂肪酸的含量(P<0.05),尤其是降低了n-3不饱和脂肪酸的含量,同时降低蛋黄中总饱和脂肪酸/总脂肪酸的比例。[结论]枸芪提取物在一定程度上可提高蛋鸡的生产性能,改善鸡蛋品质,优化鸡蛋营养成分。

[Objective] This study aims to evaluate the egg producing capability, egg quality and nutrition value of eggs through adding feed supplements of plant extraction(mainly Lycium barbarum and Astragalus membranaceus). [Methods] 3 600 healthy Dawujinfeng 315-day-old laying hens were applied to the experiment. Laying hens were divided randomly into control group and treatment group, and each group was composed with 12 repeats. Each repeat was consisted of 150 hens. Control group was fed basic ration while treatment group was fed the one mixed with 0.1% Lycium barbarum and Astragalus membranaceus extraction. The feeding process endured for 84 d. within this time, egg production ability, egg quality and nutritional value were assayed. [Results] Feeding extraction of Lycium barbarum and Astragalus membranaceus extraction feeding can significantly increase the average egg weight of laying hens and significant reduce in the number of egg abnormity eggs(P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the egg yolk color of the experimental group became significantly darker(P<0.05), and the egg shell weight increased significantly at 35-56 d and 63-84 d(P<0.05). The egg quality of the experimental group was significantly improved(P<0.05). The unit degree and concentration of protein increased significantly. In addition, the test group significantly increased the content of flavor amino acids such as aspartic acid, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, histidine and arginine(P<0.05), and the total unsaturated in egg yolk fatty acid content(P<0.05), especially n-3 unsaturated fatty acids, while reducing the ratio of total saturated fatty acids/total fatty acids in egg yolk. [Conclusion] Collectively, the extraction of Lycium barbarum and Astragalus membranaceus extraction feeding can improve the production performance of laying hens, improve egg quality, and increase the nutritional value of eggs to a certain extent.