德系西门塔尔牛F1代的生产性能初步调查

Preliminary investigation on the productive performance of German Simental F hybrid cattle

[目的]研究德系乳肉兼用西门塔尔牛(弗莱维荷牛)×荷斯坦牛杂交F_(1)代(简称:德系西门塔尔牛F_(1)代)在中国的生产性能。[方法]通过收集黑龙江、天津、河北和四川4个地区的4个牧场内德系西门塔尔牛F_(1)代生长性能、产奶性能和繁殖性能的相关数据,对比牛只在中国不同地区的生长性能、产奶性能及繁殖性能并做出简要分析。[结果]德系西门塔尔牛F_(1)代在中国生长性能、产奶性能、繁殖性能表现良好,牛只体质量、体高、体长和胸围均受地区环境影响极显著(P<0.01),不同地区牛只日产奶量、体细胞数及繁殖性能差异极显著(P<0.01)。[结论]德系西门塔尔牛F_(1)代具有乳肉兼用牛的优势,可为中国乳肉兼用牛的发展提供数据参考。

[Objective] The aim of this paper was to investigate the productive performance of F_(1) hybrid of German dual-purpose Simental(Fleckvieh) × Holstein cattle(thereby called: German Simental F_(1) hybrid cattle) in China. [Methods] This paper collected the growth performance, milk production and reproductive performance dataset of German Simental F_(1) hybrid cattle in 4 farms in Heilongjiang, Tianjin, Hebei and Sichuan. The dataset was compared and analyzed by different regions of China. [Results] German Simental F_(1) hybrid cattle had satisfactory growth performance, milk production and reproductive performances in general sense. The body weight(BW), body height(BH), length and chest circumference of the cattle were highly significantly affected by the regional environment(P<0.01). There were highly significantly differences for milk yield(MY), somatic cell count(SCC)and reproductive performance(P<0.01). [Conclusion] German Simental F_(1) hybrid cattle had the advantage of both high quality milk and good growth performance. The results provided data reference for the development of dual-purpose cattle in China.