白沙之战:一场被长期误解的战争——以《葫芦信》与《龙女树》比较为中心

The Baisha War:A Long Misunderstood War——The Comparison between “Huluxin” and “Longnvshu”

关于纳西族与普米族之间发生的白沙之战传说流传颇广,并附会到东巴神话《黑白之战》与《白沙细乐》上,由此产生了诸多负面影响。基于对历史文献及口头传统的多维度考察,白沙之战的原型应为唐初麽些与濮獬蛮之间的争地之战,而濮獬蛮为摆夷的先祖——濮人。元明时期纳西族将士多次从征麓川、缅甸傣族地区,《葫芦信》传说由此传播到丽江纳西族地区,改编为《龙女树》,这一故事的主题附会到这一时期产生的白沙细乐上。由此可证纳西族与普米族的白沙之战并非历史事件,东巴神话《黑白之战》与此也毫无瓜葛。

The Legend of the battle of Baisha between Naxi and Pumi is widely spread in Lijiang,and it is attached to the Dongba myth"the battle of black and white"and"Baisha ancient music",which has bad consequences.Based on linguistics,history,oral tradition and other perspectives,the prototype of the battle of Baisha should be the battle between Pu people and Naxi people in the early Tang Dynasty,and Pu people is the ancestor of Bai people.During the Yuan and Ming Dynasties,Naxi soldiers marched for many times in Luchuan and Dai areas of Myanmar.The legend of“Huluxin”was spread to Naxi area of Lijiang and adapted into“Longnvshu”.The theme of this story is attached to Baisha ancient music produced in this period.It can be concluded that the battle of Baisha between Naxi and Pumi is not a historical event,and Dongba myth“the battle of black and white”has nothing to do with it.