基于夹持式的气吸式花生排种器的设计与试验

Design and Test of Air-suction Peanut Seed Metering Device Based on Clamping

针对气吸式花生排种器吸种时种孔接触不充分、易漏播的问题,设计了一种基于夹持式的气吸式花生排种器。排种器在携种区能够利用携种器夹持种子,起到辅助携种的作用。通过对排种盘吸种孔进行改进,从而使种孔充分接触以保证吸力,同时增大了吸种孔与种子之间的摩擦。对气吸式花生排种器进行了加工试制,并在JPS-12排种器性能检测试验台上进行了试验。结果表明:排种盘转速、气吸室真空度和吸种孔直径的变化对气吸式花生排种器的排种性能影响较大,当排种盘转速为19.36r/min、真空度为4.78kPa、吸种孔直径为6.4mm时,排种器排种性能最优,此时合格指数为92.36%,漏播指数为0.97%,重播指数为6.67%,排种效果可以很好地满足我国花生的种植要求,为气吸式花生排种器的进一步改进和发展提供了研究基础。

Aiming at the problems of insufficient contact of the seed holes and easy sowing when the air-suction peanut seeding device sucks seeds,an air-suction peanut seeding device based on clamping type is designed.The seed metering device can use the seed metering device to hold seeds in the seed carrying area,which plays a role in assisting the seed carrying;by improving the seeding hole of the seeding disc,the seed holes are fully contacted to ensure the suction force,while also increasing The friction between the seed suction hole and the seed is reduced.The air-sucking peanut seeding device was processed and trial-manufactured.In order to verify its performance and tested on the JPS-12 seeding device performance testing test bench,the test results showed that:the seed plate rotation speed,air suction chamber vacuum and suction The change of the diameter of the seed hole has a great influence on the seeding performance of the air-suction peanut seeding device.When the speed of the seeding disc is 19.36 r/min,the degree of vacuum is 4.78 kPa,and the diameter of the seeding hole is 6.4 mm,the seeding device performance is the best.At this time,the pass index is 92.36%,the missed seed index is 0.97%,and the replay index is 6.67%.The seeding effect can meet the requirements of peanut cultivation in China.Further improvement and development provide the basis for research.